US Union Membership Rate by State
US annual union membership rate and member counts by state and Washington D.C. from the BLS.
| Indicator | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNION AFFILIATION RATE OF TOTAL EMPLOYED (%)4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast Region2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest Region2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Region3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| West Region2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UNION MEMBERS (thousand persons)4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast Region2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest Region2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Region3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| West Region2 |
Latest reading
California stood at 14.9% in 2025. That is +0.4 pp from 2024. The series on this page is annual and runs from 2000 to 2025. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) — Union Members (CPS).
- Latest
- 14.9%
- 2025
- vs previous period
- +0.4 pp
- 2024
About this data
US annual union membership rate and member counts by state and Washington D.C. from the BLS. This table provides union affiliation rates of total employed and total member counts for every state. Data is available annually since 2000 from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey. Use the figures to compare geographic and state-level labor market differences.
Ranking by state — 2025
All 50 states ranked by the latest reading, 2025. Highest first.
- 1Hawaii24.8%
- 2New York21.3%
- 3Alaska18.1%
- 4Washington18%
- 5Connecticut16.1%
- 6Rhode Island16.1%
- 7Oregon15.1%
- 8California14.9%
- 9New Jersey14.7%
- 10Massachusetts14.5%
- 11Minnesota14.1%
- 12Vermont13.1%
- 13Illinois13.1%
- 14Michigan13%
- 15Nevada13%
- 16Maryland12.7%
- 17Maine11.9%
- 18Ohio11.6%
- 19Montana11.2%
- 20Pennsylvania10.9%
- 21Delaware10.4%
- 22Missouri9.8%
- 23New Hampshire8.9%
- 24Kentucky8.9%
- 25West Virginia8.5%
- 26Indiana8.3%
- 27Iowa6.8%
- 28Nebraska6.6%
- 29Wisconsin6.4%
- 30Alabama6.3%
- 31Kansas6.2%
- 32Oklahoma6.1%
- 33New Mexico6.1%
- 34North Dakota6%
- 35Wyoming6%
- 36Colorado5.9%
- 37Florida5.4%
- 38Virginia5.4%
- 39Georgia5.1%
- 40Texas4.9%
- 41Tennessee4.8%
- 42Louisiana4.4%
- 43Mississippi4.2%
- 44Arizona4.1%
- 45Idaho4.1%
- 46Utah3.8%
- 47Arkansas2.8%
- 48South Carolina2.7%
- 49North Carolina2.5%
- 50South Dakota2.3%
Frequently asked questions
- What does the US union membership rate and members by state measure?
- It measures the percentage of employed wage and salary workers who are union members and the total count of union members across each state in the United States, based on self-reported survey data.
- How often is this union membership data published and how far back does it go?
- The data is published annually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and historical series begin in the year 2000.
- Which geographic breakdowns are included in the table?
- The table includes separate figures for all United States states as well as Washington D.C.
- How is this union membership information collected?
- It is compiled directly from the Current Population Survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics rather than administrative records submitted by labor unions themselves.
