How is UK public expenditure classified in this table?

UK public spending is broken down according to international COFOG functions, covering health, education, social protection, defence, economic affairs, public order and debt interest.

What measures are used to report UK public spending?

HM Treasury reports UK public spending in cash billions, in real terms adjusted to latest year prices, and as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP).

What does the council tax data cover in this table?

The table reports average annual Band D council tax in England, including breakdowns for London boroughs, unitary authorities, and parish precepts since 1993.

Which departments publish these UK spending and tax figures?

Public spending by function is compiled by HM Treasury in PESA, while council tax figures for England are published by the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government.

UK public spending and council tax

Name: UK public spending and council tax
Creator: HM Treasury — Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA); Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government — Council tax statistics
License: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

Where UK public money goes and what local government raises, by financial year: total public sector spending on health, education, social protection, defence and every other COFOG function in cash terms, real terms and as a share of GDP (HM Treasury PESA), and average Band D council tax in England by type of area and authority since 1993-94 (MHCLG).

Source: HM Treasury — Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA); Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government — Council tax statisticsLast updated: Sep 24, 2026, 17:13Curated by Bui Thanh PhucAbout this data ↓

Indicator	2026	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995	1994	1993
Public spending by function (HM Treasury PESA)3
Spending in cash terms22
General public services		165.5	160.2	163.8	166.2	109.2	72	81.4	80.9	84.4	80.2	76.4	75.7	76.9	74.8	79.3	77.9	65.2	69.4	65.6	61.6	58	54	48.7
General public services: public and common services		24.9	23.3	26.1	27.2	28.1	18.4	14.4	12.7	12.4	12.5	14.3	11.5	11.2	11.2	11.5	12.8	13.8	14	12.5	12.7	12.8	12.1	10.9
General public services: international services		10.3	10.4	10.5	8.6	8.4	11.3	11.8	11.9	10.4	10.8	7.2	10.5	9.8	7.7	7.7	7.8	7.1	6.4	6.7	6.3	6.2	5.5	5.1
General public services: public sector debt interest		130.3	126.5	127.3	130.4	72.7	42.3	55.2	56.3	61.6	56.9	54.9	53.7	55.9	55.9	60.1	57.3	44.3	49	46.4	42.6	39	36.4	32.7
Defence		65.4	63.7	56.8	55.5	48.7	44.6	42.2	40.2	38.7	37.1	36.6	36.7	36.4	36.3	38.7	39.3	37.7	36.8	33.7	32.2	31	29.8	28.8
Public order and safety		55.7	51.8	48.7	44.2	39.8	38.9	34.5	32.4	31.5	30.1	30.2	30.2	29.6	31.3	32.1	33.1	34.1	33.7	31.7	30.4	29.3	28.5	26.4
Economic affairs		94	88	94.4	124.5	97.7	196.3	66.6	60.7	53	49.1	46.9	41	40.8	36.6	37.7	39.9	48.6	49.6	37.3	37.4	35.2	33.5	33
Economic affairs: enterprise and economic development		23.5	20.9	24.6	62.1	36.3	131.5	18.3	14.1	10.7	8.3	7.5	6.6	6.7	5	4.8	4.9	12.2	16.2	7.1	6.3	6.4	6.5	6
Economic affairs: science and technology		11.3	9.7	9.7	7.4	6.6	6.6	6	5.6	4.9	4.5	4.7	4.4	4.2	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.2	3.3	2.9	3	2.5	2.3
Economic affairs: employment policies		3.7	4	4.8	3.8	4.2	2.6	2.3	2.7	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.9	3.8	2.9	3.2	4.7	4.1	3.5	2.1	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.2
Economic affairs: agriculture, fisheries and forestry		6.6	6	6.9	6	5.9	6.2	5.7	5.7	4.6	5.2	4.5	5.2	5.4	5.3	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.8	4.3	5.1	5.6	5.4	5.3
Economic affairs: transport		48.9	47.4	48.3	45.2	44.6	49.3	34.3	32.6	30.2	28.7	27.8	21.9	20.7	20.1	20.3	21.4	22.9	20.9	20.5	19.8	16.9	15.9	16.2
Environment protection		19.2	17.3	16	14.4	13.8	13	11.8	11.1	11.8	11.1	11.6	11.6	11.2	10.7	10.5	10.9	10.4	9.2	9.6	9.4	8.5	7	6.2
Housing and community amenities		22.5	21.7	20.9	17.4	15.3	13.7	14.3	12.2	11.5	10.4	9.9	10.4	10	10.1	10.3	13.4	16.4	15.4	13.1	11.6	10.8	8.1	6.8
Health		257.5	242.4	222	212.7	216.2	218.6	164.1	152.9	147.3	142.6	138.5	134.1	129.4	124.3	121.3	119.9	116.9	108.7	101.1	94.7	89.8	82.9	74.9
Recreation, culture and religion		15.1	13.6	13	14.5	12.8	12.6	12.3	11.4	11.5	11.6	11.4	12.4	11.6	12.7	12.5	13	13.2	12.4	11.9	11.4	10.8	10	9.7
Education		125.7	123	114.2	107.3	100.1	95.5	90.6	88.1	86.1	84.9	84.9	85.1	84.7	84.1	86.5	91.5	88.5	83	78.7	73	69.8	65.1	61
Social protection		407.3	386.3	365.2	322.2	300.3	299.3	275.8	274.8	268.7	265.4	264.9	261.1	254.2	253.4	244.8	230.4	223	203.4	188.6	177	171	164.1	155.6
EU transactions		-0.2	-1.4	0	-2.1	-1.9	7	5.8	7.8	5.4	4.7	7.7	6.2	7.2	6.7	4.3	5.9	0.9	-2.9	-1.5	-1.8	-0.6	-0.9	-2.1
Total public sector expenditure on services		1,227.6	1,166.5	1,115	1,077	951.9	1,011.4	799.4	772.5	749.9	727.2	719	704.5	692	681	678	675.2	654.9	618.7	569.8	536.9	513.6	482.1	449
Accounting adjustments		132.5	123.6	115.8	83.7	88.9	91.5	85.5	83.5	88.9	84.3	74.7	81.6	72.6	78.1	67.5	67.8	65.5	67.1	59.4	55.5	51.5	52.8	45.4
Total Managed Expenditure		1,360.1	1,290	1,230.8	1,160.7	1,040.9	1,102.9	884.9	856.1	838.8	811.4	793.7	786.2	764.6	759.2	745.5	743	720.3	685.8	629.2	592.4	565.1	534.9	494.4
Spending in real terms (latest year's prices)22
General public services		165.5	165.7	176.3	188.3	132.5	87.5	104.1	106.3	113.3	109	105.9	105.8	109	108.2	116.7	117.1	99.6	107.4	105.3	100.9	97.8	93.6	86.8
General public services: public and common services		24.9	24.1	28.1	30.9	34.1	22.4	18.4	16.7	16.7	17	19.8	16.1	15.9	16.2	16.9	19.2	21.1	21.7	20.1	20.8	21.6	21	19.4
General public services: international services		10.3	10.8	11.3	9.7	10.2	13.7	15.1	15.6	14	14.7	10	14.7	13.9	11.1	11.3	11.7	10.8	9.9	10.8	10.3	10.5	9.5	9.1
General public services: public sector debt interest		130.3	130.9	137	147.7	88.2	51.4	70.6	74	82.7	77.3	76.1	75	79.2	80.9	88.4	86.2	67.7	75.9	74.5	69.8	65.8	63.1	58.3
Defence		65.4	65.9	61.1	62.9	59	54.2	54	52.8	52	50.5	50.8	51.3	51.6	52.5	56.9	59	57.6	57	54.1	52.7	52.3	51.6	51.4
Public order and safety		55.7	53.5	52.4	50.1	48.2	47.3	44.1	42.5	42.3	40.9	41.9	42.2	41.9	45.3	47.2	49.7	52.1	52.2	50.9	49.8	49.4	49.4	47.1
Economic affairs		94	91	101.6	141.1	118.5	238.6	85.2	79.7	71.2	66.8	65.1	57.3	57.9	53	55.5	60	74.3	76.8	59.9	61.3	59.4	58.1	59
Economic affairs: enterprise and economic development		23.5	21.6	26.5	70.4	44.1	159.8	23.4	18.5	14.4	11.3	10.4	9.2	9.5	7.2	7.1	7.4	18.6	25.1	11.4	10.3	10.8	11.3	10.7
Economic affairs: science and technology		11.3	10	10.5	8.3	8.1	8.1	7.7	7.4	6.6	6.1	6.5	6.1	5.9	4.8	5.3	5.1	5.5	5	5.3	4.7	5.1	4.3	4.1
Economic affairs: employment policies		3.7	4.1	5.2	4.3	5.1	3.2	2.9	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3	4.1	5.4	4.2	4.7	7.1	6.3	5.4	3.4	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.7
Economic affairs: agriculture, fisheries and forestry		6.6	6.2	7.4	6.8	7.2	7.6	7.3	7.5	6.2	7.1	6.2	7.3	7.6	7.7	8.5	8.3	8.9	9	6.9	8.3	9.4	9.4	9.5
Economic affairs: transport		48.9	49	52	51.2	54.1	60	43.9	42.9	40.6	39.1	38.6	30.6	29.4	29.1	29.9	32.2	35	32.4	33	32.5	28.6	27.6	29
Environment protection		19.2	17.8	17.2	16.3	16.7	15.8	15.1	14.6	15.8	15.1	16.1	16.2	15.9	15.5	15.4	16.4	15.9	14.2	15.4	15.4	14.3	12.1	11.1
Housing and community amenities		22.5	22.4	22.5	19.7	18.5	16.7	18.2	16	15.4	14.1	13.7	14.5	14.1	14.5	15.1	20.1	25	23.8	21	18.9	18.1	14	12
Health		257.5	250.8	239	241	262.2	265.7	209.9	200.8	197.8	193.9	192.1	187.3	183.3	179.7	178.4	180.1	178.6	168.2	162.3	155	151.4	143.6	133.6
Recreation, culture and religion		15.1	14.1	14	16.5	15.5	15.3	15.7	15	15.4	15.8	15.8	17.3	16.4	18.4	18.4	19.5	20.2	19.2	19.1	18.7	18.2	17.3	17.3
Education		125.7	127.2	122.9	121.6	121.5	116.1	115.9	115.7	115.6	115.5	117.8	118.9	120	121.6	127.2	137.5	135.2	128.5	126.4	119.5	117.7	112.8	108.8
Social protection		407.3	399.6	393.1	365.1	364.2	363.9	352.8	360.8	360.8	360.9	367.5	364.7	360.1	366.4	360.1	346.2	340.8	314.8	302.8	289.7	288.3	284.3	277.6
EU transactions		-0.2	-1.5	0	-2.3	-2.4	8.5	7.4	10.2	7.3	6.4	10.7	8.7	10.2	9.7	6.3	8.9	1.4	-4.5	-2.4	-2.9	-1	-1.6	-3.7
Total public sector expenditure on services		1,227.6	1,206.6	1,200.3	1,220.4	1,154.5	1,229.6	1,022.6	1,014.3	1,007	988.9	997.3	984.1	980.3	984.8	997.4	1,014.5	1,000.7	957.6	914.8	878.9	866	835.2	801
Accounting adjustments		132.5	127.8	124.7	94.8	107.9	111.2	109.4	109.7	119.4	114.6	103.7	114	102.8	113	99.3	101.8	100	103.8	95.4	90.9	86.8	91.4	81.1
Total Managed Expenditure		1,360.1	1,334.5	1,325	1,315.2	1,262.4	1,340.7	1,132	1,124	1,126.4	1,103.5	1,101	1,098.1	1,083.1	1,097.7	1,096.7	1,116.4	1,100.7	1,061.4	1,010.2	969.8	952.8	926.6	882
Spending as a share of GDP22
General public services		5.4	5.5	5.9	6.3	4.6	3.4	3.6	3.7	4	4	3.9	4	4.2	4.3	4.7	4.8	4.2	4.4	4.2	4.1	4.1	4	3.8
General public services: public and common services		0.8	0.8	0.9	1	1.2	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
General public services: international services		0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
General public services: public sector debt interest		4.2	4.3	4.6	4.9	3	2	2.4	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.8	3.1	3.2	3.6	3.5	2.8	3.1	3	2.9	2.7	2.7	2.6
Defence		2.1	2.2	2	2.1	2	2.1	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.9	2	2.1	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.3
Public order and safety		1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.8	1.9	2	2.2	2.1	2	2	2.1	2.1	2.1
Economic affairs		3.1	3	3.4	4.7	4.1	9.3	2.9	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.4	3.1	3.1	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.6
Economic affairs: enterprise and economic development		0.8	0.7	0.9	2.4	1.5	6.2	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.8	1	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5
Economic affairs: science and technology		0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Economic affairs: employment policies		0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Economic affairs: agriculture, fisheries and forestry		0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4
Economic affairs: transport		1.6	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.9	2.3	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3
Environment protection		0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5
Housing and community amenities		0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.8	1	1	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.5
Health		8.4	8.3	8	8.1	9	10.4	7.3	7	7	7	7.1	7.1	7.1	7.2	7.2	7.3	7.5	6.8	6.4	6.3	6.3	6.2	5.9
Recreation, culture and religion		0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Education		4.1	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.5	4	4	4.1	4.2	4.4	4.5	4.7	4.9	5.1	5.6	5.6	5.2	5	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.8
Social protection		13.3	13.2	13.1	12.2	12.5	14.2	12.2	12.5	12.7	13.1	13.6	13.8	14	14.6	14.6	14.1	14.2	12.8	12	11.9	12	12.2	12.2
EU transactions		0	0	0	-0.1	-0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1	-0.2	-0.1	-0.1	0	-0.1	-0.2
Total public sector expenditure on services		40	39.8	40	40.9	39.7	47.9	35.3	35.3	35.5	35.9	37	37.3	38.2	39.3	40.3	41.4	41.8	38.8	36.2	36	36.1	35.8	35.1
Accounting adjustments		4.3	4.2	4.2	3.2	3.7	4.3	3.8	3.8	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.3	4	4.5	4	4.2	4.2	4.2	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.9	3.6
Total Managed Expenditure		44.3	44	44.1	44.1	43.4	52.3	39.1	39.1	39.7	40	40.8	41.6	42.2	43.8	44.4	45.5	46	43	40	39.7	39.7	39.7	38.7
Council tax in England, Band D (MHCLG)2
Average Band D council tax, by type of area8
England, including parish precepts	2,391.52	2,280.21	2,170.99	2,065.05	1,965.71	1,898.48	1,817.67	1,749.88	1,671.46	1,590.55	1,529.56	1,483.58	1,467.98	1,455.6	1,444.13	1,439.33	1,439.22	1,413.84	1,373.08	1,321.32	1,267.91	1,213.81	1,166.56	1,101.75	975.56	901.33	847	798	747	688	646	609	580.11	567.95
England, excluding parish precepts	2,343.4	2,235.84	2,129.76	2,027.3	1,930.24	1,864.4	1,784.98	1,719.09	1,642.2	1,562.62	1,503.46	1,459.04	1,444.16	1,432.74	1,423.34	1,419.33	1,419.66	1,395.07	1,355.24	1,304.5	1,252.15	1,199.01	1,152.71	1,088.63	963.24	889.94	835.94	788.33
London boroughs (including Greater London Authority)	2,068.47	1,981.8	1,892.56	1,788.85	1,684	1,621.79	1,533.88	1,476.97	1,405.4	1,350.51	1,306.37	1,298.8	1,296.48	1,301.8	1,304.36	1,308.43	1,308.62	1,308.23	1,291.66	1,258.19	1,214.11	1,161.94	1,118.96	1,057.92	895.29	841.16	778.2	730.68	686.53	651.23
Inner London boroughs (including GLA)	1,747.51	1,680.18	1,606.83	1,517.98	1,435.33	1,380.15	1,306.14	1,256.93	1,194.73	1,142.54	1,101.56	1,095.53	1,093.79	1,098.51	1,112.11	1,116.96	1,115.74	1,117.23	1,111.68	1,089.75	1,059.38	1,019.92	987.12	941.6	797	756.72	708.32	679	658	646.23
Outer London boroughs (including GLA)	2,279.41	2,177.88	2,077.38	1,964.49	1,844.26	1,777.6	1,680.82	1,618.05	1,540.1	1,481.96	1,435.19	1,424.78	1,422.91	1,428.23	1,425.44	1,428.62	1,428.64	1,426.16	1,402.11	1,361.02	1,307.69	1,246.61	1,197.13	1,125.19	952	888.7	817.98	760	703	654.02
Metropolitan districts (including police, fire and mayoral precepts)	2,409.47	2,289.45	2,168.56	2,059.24	1,960.24	1,892.91	1,808.99	1,739.28	1,658.44	1,574.95	1,506.14	1,451.29	1,433.91	1,420.63	1,400.69	1,398.52	1,398.56	1,371.56	1,328.18	1,284.1	1,236.62	1,190.04	1,143.08	1,098.39	1,017	967.58	918.51	878	833	779.47
Unitary authorities (including police and fire precepts)	2,490.05	2,365.77	2,248.1	2,139.11	2,034.35	1,970.15	1,886.19	1,814.12	1,729.4	1,640.64	1,572.4	1,519.53	1,502.41	1,485.76	1,471.93	1,461.87	1,461.49	1,428.99	1,358.09	1,302.36	1,250.78	1,196.86	1,144.62	1,065.65	958	878.52	825.45	779	736	698.08
Shire areas (district, county, police and fire precepts)	2,452	2,343.68	2,237.38	2,134.18	2,040.53	1,969.51	1,895.47	1,826.2	1,748.52	1,662.15	1,600.93	1,547.18	1,526.56	1,509.75	1,502.42	1,495.6	1,495.16	1,464.55	1,421.73	1,362.33	1,303.06	1,245.42	1,198.25	1,129	992	902.73	848.42	796	738	665.72
Average Band D amount, by type of authority10
London boroughs' own council tax (excluding GLA)	1,559.02	1,492.37	1,421.99	1,355.53	1,289.16	1,258.85	1,202.48	1,157.09	1,111.78	1,070.49	1,030.88	1,003.8	997.98	999.31	998.09	999.06	999.23	998.86	982.29	954.76	925.91	907.68	877.94	825	722	690.46	649.26	620	584
Greater London Authority precept	510.51	490.38	471.4	434.14	395.59	363.66	332.07	320.51	294.23	280.02	276	295	299	303	306.71	309.82	309.82	309.82	309.82	303.88	288.61	254.62	241.33	224.4	173.88	150.88	122.98
Metropolitan districts' own council tax	2,030.31	1,935.55	1,836.93	1,743.64	1,664.7	1,613.07	1,543.25	1,486.51	1,435.63	1,367.51	1,304.72	1,255.92	1,241.35	1,231	1,219.05	1,218.61	1,218.65	1,197.59	1,161.05	1,124.4	1,083.7	1,043.88	1,004.05	970.87	909	870.3	825.6	790	751
Unitary authorities' own council tax	2,087.35	1,984.05	1,886.03	1,792.55	1,711.21	1,659.42	1,592.89	1,530.86	1,473.03	1,397.97	1,334.41	1,285.53	1,273.54	1,260.61	1,249.79	1,242.78	1,242.38	1,216.32	1,147.96	1,103.47	1,061.88	1,016.58	972.3	957.54	873	807.18	760.99	720	682
Shire districts' own council tax	286.41	276.14	266.11	256.03	248.56	242.14	236.57	229.43	223.48	216.62	209.99	204.29	202.53	200.47	197.78	196.39	195.9	191.68	187.35	180.05	173.58	166.85	159.64	151.19	141	129.39	121.7	115	110
Shire county council precept	1,802.36	1,722.36	1,642.96	1,564.91	1,493.87	1,440.68	1,385.5	1,333.46	1,287.81	1,221.34	1,171.45	1,127.62	1,112.06	1,100.7	1,098.85	1,095.91	1,095.94	1,075.35	1,045.24	1,004.64	962.25	919.03	885.95	869.45	766.6	701.52	659.88	618	571
Police and Crime Commissioners' precept (excluding the Met)	297.48	282.09	268.07	255.29	251.32	230.45	216.65	207.46	183.63	171.81	167.81	164.04	161.37	158.62
Combined fire and rescue authorities' precept	99.97	94.82	89.58	86.98	81.96	79.39	78.02	76.51	74.78	72.68	71.38	69.97	69.02	68.21	67.26	66.74	66.75	65.05	62.59	60.05	57.53	55.18	53.26
Metropolitan fire and rescue authorities' precept	92.78	87.75	82.76	80.37	75.36	71.82	70.42	69.04	67.04	63.88	62.65	61.43	60.5	59.94	56.35	55.77	55.77	54.5	52.96	51.16	49.38	47.32	45.21	42.37	36	33.52	31.88	30	27
Mayoral combined authorities' precept	89.01	85.77	71.63	64.04	73.77	65.72	65.71	56.61	67.95

Latest reading

Total Managed Expenditure stood at £1,360.1bn in 2025. That is +5.4% from 2024. The series on this page is annual and runs from 2003 to 2025. Source: HM Treasury — Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA); Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government — Council tax statistics.

Latest: £1,360.1bn; 2025
vs previous period: +5.4%; 2024

About this data

Frequently asked questions

How is UK public expenditure classified in this table?: UK public spending is broken down according to international COFOG functions, covering health, education, social protection, defence, economic affairs, public order and debt interest.
What measures are used to report UK public spending?: HM Treasury reports UK public spending in cash billions, in real terms adjusted to latest year prices, and as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP).
What does the council tax data cover in this table?: The table reports average annual Band D council tax in England, including breakdowns for London boroughs, unitary authorities, and parish precepts since 1993.
Which departments publish these UK spending and tax figures?: Public spending by function is compiled by HM Treasury in PESA, while council tax figures for England are published by the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government.