What is the latest figure for Germany budget deficit and government debt?

General government, As a percentage of GDP stood at −2.92% in 2025. That is −0.2 pp from 2024.

Is Germany budget deficit and government debt at a high or a low right now?

The reading of −2.92% is the lowest since 2021.

How far back does the Germany budget deficit and government debt data go?

The series on this page is annual and runs from 1991 to 2025. Source: Deutsche Bundesbank. Every series in the table can be charted over its full history and downloaded as CSV or Excel.

What breakdowns are available for Germany's government revenue and expenditure?

General government revenue and expenditure are broken down by transaction type, such as taxes, social contributions and gross capital formation. The statistics also separate the budgetary accounts of the central, state and local governments in Germany.

How is the German government debt defined in these tables?

The debt is defined in accordance with the Maastricht Treaty for general government debt. It is presented both as a nominal value in EUR million and as a percentage of Germany's GDP to facilitate international comparison.

Germany budget deficit and government debt

Name: Germany budget deficit and government debt
Creator: Deutsche Bundesbank

Germany budget deficit and government debt statistics, published annually by the Deutsche Bundesbank.

Source: Deutsche BundesbankLast updated: Oct 06, 2026, 04:22 UTCCurated by Bui Thanh Phuc

Loading chart data…

Indicator	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995	1994	1993	1992	1991	1990	1989	1988	1987	1986	1985	1984	1983	1982	1981	1980	1979	1978	1977	1976	1975	1974	1973	1972	1971	1970	1969	1968	1967	1966	1965	1964	1963	1962	1961
Budgetary position of social security funds (Germany as a whole)3
Whole), total revenue	930,600	858,627	820,592	800,380	769,196	719,529	684,995	656,175	631,475	601,836	575,000	554,529	536,726	536,205	526,292	516,533	492,066	485,505	475,284	486,283	467,849	469,678	467,585	457,705	445,088	433,763	429,112	415,258	407,673	393,379	373,877	354,910	337,870	311,425	282,156
Whole), total expenditure	929,973	869,388	813,704	793,184	777,111	747,787	676,738	642,534	621,992	594,782	573,089	551,057	531,874	518,785	511,176	512,709	505,890	478,888	466,352	466,579	471,267	468,589	474,357	466,036	449,091	434,312	425,623	413,574	406,216	400,833	380,281	354,682	336,792	315,673	274,916
Whole) - deficit, surplus	627	-10,761	6,888	7,196	-7,915	-28,258	8,257	13,641	9,483	7,054	1,911	3,472	4,852	17,420	15,116	3,824	-13,824	6,617	8,932	19,704	-3,418	1,089	-6,772	-8,331	-4,003	-549	3,489	1,684	1,457	-7,454	-6,404	228	1,078	-4,248	7,241
Central government3
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), Revenue	462,557	473,728	425,302	399,565	370,338	341,352	382,490	374,361	357,791	344,665	338,296	322,919	313,227	312,454	307,144	288,698	282,559	292,787	278,067	254,548	250,043	233,842	239,639	240,799	240,590	241,261	240,259	224,457	213,090	210,577	224,629	224,739	205,344	203,699	181,066
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), Expenditure	527,913	498,756	490,202	515,599	511,938	472,064	369,184	363,486	352,771	338,417	326,526	323,258	335,618	335,273	324,852	333,062	317,076	304,618	292,798	282,787	281,483	273,602	278,814	273,461	261,295	265,184	266,485	253,398	245,552	250,715	250,464	244,862	236,475	220,714	207,620
Government - budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole) - deficit, surplus	-65,356	-25,028	-64,900	-116,034	-141,600	-130,712	13,306	10,875	5,020	6,248	11,770	-339	-22,391	-22,819	-17,708	-44,364	-34,517	-11,831	-14,731	-28,239	-31,440	-39,760	-39,175	-32,662	-20,705	-23,923	-26,226	-28,941	-32,461	-40,138	-25,835	-20,123	-31,131	-17,015	-26,554
Central, state and local government3
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), revenue1	1,308,942	1,284,244	1,217,329	1,144,439	1,105,637	944,255	1,007,632	949,139	897,603	859,671	827,191	789,191	759,200	742,320	689,602	634,653	623,032	665,716	642,826	590,075	569,077	546,137	547,038	554,688	555,460	561,581	566,143	548,156	518,623	511,435	524,779	508,862	474,813	462,245	411,046
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), financial transactions (revenue)	31,973	32,569	36,157	32,409	25,263	13,672	10,996	6,040	7,669	8,823	10,238	11,123	14,490	14,494	22,796	7,913	7,101	13,898	18,052	18,763	31,285	24,057	21,506	20,546	23,469	12,586	24,772
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), expenditure5	1,443,711	1,393,960	1,311,203	1,286,213	1,240,127	1,109,680	973,882	903,951	867,811	842,832	802,637	787,231	771,961	768,561	711,609	713,570	713,102	674,871	644,020	625,950	620,747	610,721	614,209	610,444	599,605	595,465	592,946	577,141	566,955	573,562	581,050	563,521	542,051	518,403	473,371
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), personnel expenditure	402,722	380,852	346,628	325,740	310,657	299,394	285,865	272,399	261,509	251,256	244,015	235,924	225,258	218,760	194,274	190,697	187,072	180,215	176,533	169,738	172,120	173,441	173,978	173,281	169,943	169,270	168,712	166,394	166,175	166,770	166,063	161,315	151,772	146,058	133,542
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), current grants (expenditure)	490,939	470,969	479,726	498,845	530,988	422,020	348,925	337,242	327,191	320,837	301,957	294,353	286,164	284,496	301,256	308,475	286,644	272,837	256,480	251,790	245,472	237,263	235,005	226,854	213,882	205,684	202,730	191,085	182,166	185,172	187,769	180,665	174,082	155,844	152,597
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), interest expenditure	53,844	59,205	64,223	33,515	20,970	25,775	33,494	39,056	41,858	43,265	49,674	56,998	65,588	69,815	56,795	57,666	63,379	67,238	65,993	64,422	63,959	64,764	65,559	66,061	66,587	67,646	69,829	68,378	67,530	66,848	65,943	58,308	52,182	51,456	39,410
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), fixed asset formation	110,631	105,433	81,892	72,493	69,274	68,585	62,209	55,140	51,694	48,304	45,752	45,254	42,132	41,986	38,470	39,706	38,640	34,979	33,734	33,681	33,032	34,310	36,291	38,739	40,147	40,743	40,796	40,760	40,965	42,901	46,067	47,668	49,581	51,682	43,893
Government, budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole), financial transactions (expenditure)	43,790	30,024	31,523	79,280	26,130	59,870	16,774	16,069	13,776	11,738	12,458	17,557	23,459	25,427	13,732	11,424	34,759	18,491	9,508	11,575	14,313	9,629	10,020	11,330	16,735	15,683	15,079
Government - budgetary accounts (Germany as a whole) - deficit, durplus	-134,769	-109,716	-93,874	-141,774	-134,490	-165,425	33,750	45,189	29,792	16,839	24,554	1,960	-12,762	-26,242	-22,007	-78,917	-90,070	-9,155	-1,194	-35,875	-51,670	-64,584	-67,171	-55,756	-44,145	-33,884	-26,803	-28,985	-48,332	-62,128	-56,271	-54,659	-67,238	-56,159	-62,325
General government budgetary position (Germany)3
(Germany), total revenue	2,088,583	2,004,773	1,897,735	1,772,141	1,701,793	1,516,162	1,571,144	1,488,079	1,414,834	1,352,519	1,298,485	1,242,632	1,195,468	1,168,416	1,104,187	1,033,693	1,013,447	1,055,077	1,023,626	987,361	947,561	927,058	925,212	921,688	923,305	974,596	925,215	902,682	871,891	851,584	851,267	816,243	762,897	734,238	657,578
(Germany), total expenditure	2,222,725	2,125,250	1,984,721	1,906,719	1,844,198	1,709,845	1,529,137	1,429,250	1,375,559	1,328,626	1,272,020	1,237,200	1,203,377	1,177,237	1,111,072	1,108,786	1,117,341	1,057,615	1,015,888	1,003,532	1,002,649	990,559	999,146	991,792	971,461	958,171	948,570	929,979	918,766	921,165	913,942	870,674	829,057	794,645	712,662
(Germany) - deficit, surplus	-134,142	-120,477	-86,986	-134,578	-142,405	-193,683	42,007	58,830	39,275	23,893	26,465	5,432	-7,910	-8,822	-6,885	-75,093	-103,894	-2,538	7,738	-16,171	-55,088	-63,501	-73,934	-70,104	-48,156	16,425	-23,355	-27,296	-46,875	-69,582	-62,675	-54,431	-66,160	-60,407	-55,084
General government debt as defined in the Maastricht Treaty1
Overall1	2,845,970	2,693,827	2,630,547	2,569,029	2,501,693	2,347,905	2,075,790	2,086,432	2,132,784	2,182,375	2,197,474	2,224,559	2,220,281	2,234,803	2,155,876	2,119,242	1,804,696	1,687,442	1,619,065	1,610,904	1,561,021	1,489,671	1,419,426	1,330,083	1,274,759	1,261,585	1,253,598	1,202,026	1,157,209	1,113,188	1,042,935	872,461	792,317	708,314	620,965
By level of government4
Central government	2,000,598	1,893,509	1,857,153	1,780,235	1,683,326	1,530,351	1,315,637	1,337,194	1,363,920	1,380,165	1,385,956	1,411,880	1,405,276	1,402,753	1,359,259	1,349,563	1,098,584	1,031,948	1,000,426	994,744	957,536	911,943	872,291	824,381	800,273	814,963	813,083	772,162	741,701	717,620	673,358	528,616	475,381	424,336	362,551
State government	661,079	639,558	621,030	637,004	666,953	667,916	615,756	603,409	617,000	644,175	661,202	660,355	665,367	686,349	655,747	631,003	585,100	541,259	505,253	501,231	489,930	466,693	440,313	408,811	381,070	354,552	345,571	336,608	323,048	303,955	280,374	259,908	241,552	218,651	200,513
Local government	225,314	196,494	180,169	172,357	165,590	163,060	161,101	162,376	168,561	170,943	168,038	168,880	165,711	162,315	157,198	156,576	135,582	129,502	128,954	130,590	128,629	124,870	120,044	112,647	110,563	109,615	113,491	113,086	112,909	112,277	110,391	106,092	98,150	88,959	81,596
Social security funds	6,562	2,778	3,192	3,165	933	7,641	899	704	807	1,232	1,502	1,524	1,325	1,171	1,331	1,346	1,315	1,454	1,558	1,747	2,691	4,239	5,275	2,982	2,272	1,876	2,166	1,502	1,128	972	816	648	395	334	212
General government debt as defined in the Maastricht Treaty as a % of GDP1
Overall4	62.8	62.2	62.3	64.4	67.9	68	58.7	60.8	64	68.3	71.2	74.5	77.5	79.8	78.5	81	72.4	65.2	63.7	66.4	67.1	65	63.3	59.8	58.1	59.2	60.3	59.4	58.8	57.7	54.9	47.5	45.1	41.4	39
Central government	44.2	43.7	44	44.6	45.7	44.3	37.2	38.9	40.9	43.2	44.9	47.3	49	50.1	49.5	51.6	44	39.9	39.4	41	41.2	39.8	38.9	37.1	36.5	38.3	39.1	38.2	37.7	37.2	35.4	28.8	27.1	24.8	22.8
State government	14.6	14.8	14.7	16	18.1	19.4	17.4	17.6	18.5	20.2	21.4	22.1	23.2	24.5	23.9	24.1	23.5	20.9	19.9	20.7	21.1	20.4	19.6	18.4	17.4	16.6	16.6	16.6	16.4	15.8	14.8	14.1	13.7	12.8	12.6
Local government	5	4.5	4.3	4.3	4.5	4.7	4.6	4.7	5.1	5.3	5.4	5.7	5.8	5.8	5.7	6	5.4	5	5.1	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.1	5	5.1	5.5	5.6	5.7	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.6	5.2	5.1
Social security funds	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0.1	0	0	0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0	0
General government deficit(-) or surplus(+) as defined in the Maastricht Treaty2
General government4	-132,104	-121,108	-94,986	-74,296	-117,619	-151,131	46,949	64,667	44,571	36,237	28,239	21,832	3,512	-1,521	-23,074	-115,620	-79,207	-6,809	3,937	-42,584	-78,396	-78,445	-85,812	-90,850	-68,602	-36,509	-38,771	-53,582	-59,551	-70,169	-179,290	-46,727	-54,655	-44,999	-51,087
Central government	-85,269	-60,947	-91,523	-110,940	-132,542	-91,289	18,184	22,400	10,266	14,999	17,956	17,023	132	-16,102	-25,697	-87,612	-37,321	-14,237	-14,565	-33,650	-46,939	-41,551	-31,329	-38,238	-24,788	-23,805	-29,786	-36,868	-31,126	-34,465	-142,372	-21,923	-34,808	-25,399	-49,056
State government	-14,602	-23,046	-5,643	19,655	6,030	-31,299	12,856	10,735	13,076	7,309	4,641	1,864	-2,356	-5,644	-10,688	-21,861	-20,026	-3,269	2,009	-12,839	-23,905	-29,155	-35,702	-35,271	-31,327	-11,352	-13,290	-18,103	-25,402	-25,372	-25,937	-24,663	-20,738	-13,862	-11,574
Local government	-30,970	-25,655	-6,636	8,223	6,457	6,324	6,979	15,783	10,287	5,382	2,635	-454	11	1,519	-2,201	-10,058	-7,519	4,113	6,221	-1,266	-3,820	-7,478	-12,783	-10,365	-7,319	-289	291	97	-3,692	-3,258	-4,211	-1,833	-2,118	-3,979	-1,284
Social security funds	-1,263	-11,460	8,816	8,766	2,436	-34,867	8,930	15,749	10,942	8,547	3,007	3,399	5,725	18,706	15,512	3,911	-14,341	6,584	10,272	5,171	-3,732	-261	-5,998	-6,976	-5,168	-1,063	4,014	1,292	669	-7,074	-6,770	1,692	3,009	-1,759	10,827
As a percentage of GDP1
General government, As a percentage of GDP4	-2.92	-2.76	-2.23	-1.85	-3.17	-4.35	1.32	1.87	1.33	1.13	0.91	0.73	0.12	-0.05	-0.84	-4.42	-3.18	-0.26	0.15	-1.76	-3.37	-3.42	-3.83	-4.09	-3.12	-1.71	-1.87	-2.65	-3.03	-3.64	-9.44	-2.54	-3.11	-2.63	-3.21
Central government, As a percentage of GDP	-1.88	-1.39	-2.15	-2.77	-3.57	-2.63	0.51	0.65	0.31	0.47	0.58	0.57	0	-0.57	-0.94	-3.35	-1.5	-0.55	-0.57	-1.39	-2.02	-1.81	-1.4	-1.72	-1.13	-1.12	-1.43	-1.82	-1.58	-1.79	-7.49	-1.19	-1.98	-1.49	-3.08
State government, As a percentage of GDP	-0.32	-0.53	-0.13	0.49	0.16	-0.9	0.36	0.31	0.39	0.23	0.15	0.06	-0.08	-0.2	-0.39	-0.84	-0.8	-0.13	0.08	-0.53	-1.03	-1.27	-1.59	-1.59	-1.43	-0.53	-0.64	-0.9	-1.29	-1.32	-1.37	-1.34	-1.18	-0.81	-0.73
Local government, As a percentage of GDP	-0.68	-0.58	-0.16	0.21	0.17	0.18	0.2	0.46	0.31	0.17	0.09	-0.02	0	0.05	-0.08	-0.38	-0.3	0.16	0.24	-0.05	-0.16	-0.33	-0.57	-0.47	-0.33	-0.01	0.01	0	-0.19	-0.17	-0.22	-0.1	-0.12	-0.23	-0.08
Social security funds, As a percentage of GDP	-0.03	-0.26	0.21	0.22	0.07	-1	0.25	0.46	0.33	0.27	0.1	0.11	0.2	0.67	0.56	0.15	-0.58	0.25	0.4	0.21	-0.16	-0.01	-0.27	-0.31	-0.24	-0.05	0.19	0.06	0.03	-0.37	-0.36	0.09	0.17	-0.1	0.68
German statutory pension insurance scheme5
Scheme, revenue2	424,421	403,481	382,540	363,871	348,679	335,185	327,298	312,788	299,826	286,399	276,129	269,115	260,166	259,700	254,968	250,133	244,689	242,770	236,642	241,231	229,428	231,684	229,371	221,563	216,927	211,137	208,173	198,944	191,659	180,830	172,911	164,807	148,476	143,546	132,188	108,856	100,366	95,550	91,314	89,372	84,848	79,976	75,005	75,451	73,182	69,350	64,329	59,136	54,772	51,745	46,748	44,689	39,353	34,435	29,941	26,321	22,083	19,288	17,117	16,749	15,457	13,937	12,692	11,794	10,725
Scheme, revenue, contribution receipts	301,791	287,193	271,852	258,269	245,185	235,988	232,014	221,572	211,424	202,249	194,486	189,080	181,991	181,262	177,424	172,767	169,183	167,611	162,225	168,083	156,264	156,535	156,510	152,810	152,048	150,712	152,206	152,277	152,059	144,499	138,199	131,229	118,828	115,482	106,822	89,433	82,500	78,640	75,817	74,593	70,385	66,038	61,924	62,176	61,624	56,859	52,556	47,952	44,650	42,260	38,996	36,864	33,294	28,094	24,880	21,673	17,327	14,632	12,627	12,437	11,509	10,297	9,321	8,684	7,840
Scheme, revenue, federal subsidy	120,061	113,432	108,836	104,876	102,772	98,447	94,467	90,408	87,502	83,154	80,464	78,940	77,067	77,193	76,200	76,173	74,313	73,381	72,928	71,773	71,917	71,680	71,447	66,958	63,093	58,862	54,628	45,380	38,327	34,966	32,921	31,644	26,930	25,191	23,043	17,780	16,643	15,913	14,612	13,932	13,601	13,035	12,098	11,982	10,191
Scheme, expenditure2	428,331	404,257	381,073	360,436	347,486	339,072	325,436	308,356	299,297	288,641	277,717	265,949	258,268	254,604	250,241	248,076	244,478	238,995	235,459	233,668	233,357	233,011	231,362	225,689	217,498	210,558	203,295	197,209	190,689	185,429	177,988	165,824	152,398	140,588	126,470	103,952	98,760	93,759	89,326	85,888	84,128	82,152	77,460	75,932	71,280	67,754	64,324	61,658	59,614	54,822	48,246	42,235	36,463	31,624	27,104	24,499	22,350	20,163	18,370	16,167	14,551	12,856	11,635	10,767	9,838
Scheme, pension payments	363,653	344,683	325,369	308,168	296,343	289,284	277,282	263,338	255,261	246,118	236,634	226,204	219,560	216,450	212,602	211,852	208,475	204,071	201,642	200,459	199,873	198,587	196,038	191,133	184,731	178,599	172,919	167,613	161,830	156,343	150,337	140,033	129,316	120,577	108,538	89,572	85,505	81,678	77,983	74,514	71,856	68,947	65,090	62,495	58,517	55,699	52,945	50,502	47,532	42,349	37,154	32,735	28,431	24,808	21,258	19,598	18,128	16,162	14,614	12,965	11,568	10,307	9,267	8,578	7,983
Scheme, expenditure, pensioners' health insurance	30,741	27,339	25,346	23,792	22,734	21,865	20,960	18,588	18,028	17,387	16,705	15,978	15,528	15,283	15,015	14,343	14,431	14,051	13,665	13,053	13,437	14,258	15,178	14,498	13,763	13,365	12,950	12,472	11,903	11,075	10,372	9,076	8,129	7,309	7,517	5,604	5,153	4,717	4,772	5,082	5,666	6,607	6,618	7,339	6,881	6,543	6,210	5,967	6,862	7,529	6,335	5,135	4,241	3,588	3,055	2,377	1,853	1,692	1,610	1,298	1,125	1,040	972	897	745
Scheme - deficit, surplus	-3,910	-775	1,467	3,435	1,192	-3,887	1,861	4,432	529	-2,242	-1,588	3,166	1,898	5,097	4,726	2,057	211	3,775	1,183	7,563	-3,929	-1,326	-1,991	-4,126	-571	579	4,878	1,735	970	-4,599	-5,077	-1,016	-3,923	2,958	5,718	4,904	1,606	1,792	1,987	3,484	720	-2,176	-2,455	-482	1,902
Scheme, assets, total2	46,471	48,747	48,869	46,087	42,014	39,880	42,963	40,345	35,366	34,094	35,556	36,462	33,114	30,481	24,965	19,375	16,821	16,531	12,196	10,047	1,976	5,158	7,641	9,826	13,973	14,350	13,623	9,302	7,495	7,391	11,124	17,168	20,342	25,468	22,416	18,187	13,495	12,145	10,971	9,289	6,111	5,113	7,733	10,511	11,137	9,614
Scheme, assets, deposits	44,303	45,592	46,649	44,181	40,320	38,196	40,531	38,314	33,740	31,524	32,795	32,905	29,193	28,519	22,241	18,077	16,614	16,313	11,270	9,777	1,794	4,980	5,017	6,943	10,646	11,459	11,559	7,261	5,204	4,912	8,590	12,370	15,317	19,592	15,838	13,279	8,998	7,511	6,600	6,157	2,820	1,606	4,034	6,602	7,060	5,256
Scheme, assets, securities	1,328	2,454	1,637	1,399	1,241	1,286	2,074	1,713	1,335	2,315	2,506	3,317	3,701	1,756	2,519	1,120	23	36	765	115	16	19	816	1,072	1,517	1,676	824	763	960	1,083	2,019	4,177	4,345	5,141	5,743	3,973	3,442	3,433	3,007	1,604	1,617	1,691	1,747	1,808	1,850	1,934
Scheme, memo item: administrative assets	3,832	3,722	3,697	3,746	3,807	3,901	3,974	4,008	4,032	4,147	4,228	4,263	4,250	4,315	4,379	4,464	4,525	4,645	4,819	4,912	4,888	4,834	4,862	4,878	4,917	4,889	4,904	4,895	4,735	4,532	3,988	3,523	3,220	2,985	2,763	2,574	2,502	2,442	2,381	2,319	2,278	2,228	2,181	2,109	2,052	2,009
Local government (total) budgetary accounts3
Local government (total) budgetary accounts, Revenue	391,364	376,110	349,394	328,416	307,970	295,158	282,352	269,952	258,469	247,110	230,892	216,823	205,632	197,943	183,908	175,392	170,803	176,392	169,713	160,066	151,321	146,994	142,087	146,958	144,244	148,009	145,924
Local government (total) budgetary accounts, Expenditure	423,274	400,916	356,021	325,780	303,374	293,176	276,726	260,146	247,741	241,705	227,714	217,339	204,713	196,888	184,878	182,267	178,276	168,041	161,538	157,416	153,183	150,075	149,924	149,971	148,334	146,074	143,744
Local government (total) budgetary accounts - deficit, surplus	-31,910	-24,806	-6,627	2,636	4,596	1,982	5,626	9,806	10,728	5,405	3,178	-516	919	1,055	-970	-6,875	-7,473	8,351	8,175	2,650	-1,862	-3,081	-7,837	-3,013	-4,090	1,935	2,180
National accounts5
Revenue (ESA 2010), Total3	2,137,940	2,028,340	1,934,907	1,864,127	1,749,189	1,612,653	1,657,564	1,597,995	1,529,123	1,465,493	1,401,532	1,350,164	1,298,112	1,260,986	1,220,989	1,143,087	1,125,612	1,143,471	1,110,816	1,056,690	1,011,597	998,635	1,001,289	981,788	977,627	986,936	968,416	923,010	899,509	885,563	870,238	841,289	794,517	764,679	689,615	545,480	518,390	478,510	460,430	449,490	433,490	412,860	392,250	379,010	360,090	346,560	323,190	301,390	289,120	267,870	237,970	226,970	207,710	177,440	160,280	140,530
Revenue (ESA 2010), Total tax revenue	1,046,957	1,007,145	972,127	973,668	906,519	808,904	859,273	832,878	799,293	763,223	727,762	696,778	670,991	646,321	619,528	572,267	572,813	602,116	582,470	533,445	495,212	482,288	482,147	475,687	479,189	500,373	482,558	450,612	430,088	427,047	424,859	415,730	396,337	385,079	351,539	281,800	272,940	249,480	239,130	231,290	224,360	213,120	202,070	193,400	188,590	187,420	176,370	164,530	156,740	141,430	125,860	126,080	117,600	100,830	93,140	82,860
Revenue (ESA 2010), Social contributions	823,069	756,749	710,845	667,261	632,317	608,093	598,227	572,583	549,481	524,258	501,157	482,336	465,363	454,584	442,622	426,490	415,558	412,551	404,635	405,332	401,237	401,602	401,896	394,307	388,615	382,754	382,338	376,953	373,386	360,450	344,172	323,853	301,002	283,822	258,232	205,930	192,460	183,930	175,850	169,330	160,660	152,870	145,590	142,530	134,490	124,570	115,370	106,610	100,410	94,380	83,970	75,080	66,950	56,490	49,400	42,550
Revenue (ESA 2010), Other revenue	267,914	264,446	251,935	223,198	210,353	195,656	200,064	192,534	180,349	178,012	172,613	171,050	161,758	160,081	158,839	144,330	137,241	128,804	123,711	117,913	115,148	114,745	117,246	111,794	109,823	103,809	103,520	95,445	96,035	98,066	101,207	101,706	97,178	95,778	79,844	57,750	52,990	45,100	45,450	48,870	48,470	46,870	44,590	43,080	37,010	34,570	31,450	30,250	31,970	32,060	28,140	25,810	23,160	20,120	17,740	15,120
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Total6	2,270,044	2,149,448	2,029,893	1,938,423	1,866,808	1,763,784	1,610,615	1,533,328	1,484,552	1,429,256	1,373,293	1,328,332	1,294,600	1,262,507	1,244,063	1,258,707	1,204,819	1,150,280	1,106,879	1,099,274	1,089,993	1,077,080	1,087,101	1,072,638	1,046,229	1,023,445	1,007,187	976,592	959,060	955,732	1,049,528	888,016	849,172	809,678	740,702	570,260	517,420	500,690	479,730	461,420	444,800	431,510	417,950	408,610	392,300	369,710	342,790	318,910	305,030	288,300	268,830	235,610	202,260	179,020	159,650	138,670
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Compensation of employees	383,770	357,904	340,944	321,270	307,246	296,745	285,100	270,716	260,376	249,872	241,792	235,816	228,492	222,410	218,340	212,909	207,232	198,102	193,084	192,254	191,432	191,580	191,812	189,950	186,477	185,023	184,192	175,816	174,825	174,011	171,012	164,995	161,438	154,868	140,985	107,510	102,020	99,440	97,120	93,890	89,720	86,930	85,150	82,970	80,350	76,670	71,410	67,720	66,960	63,290	59,870	55,040	47,400	40,620	36,190	30,300
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Interest expenditure	49,022	45,920	37,138	28,057	21,756	22,390	28,052	31,787	34,489	37,888	42,913	47,547	51,902	64,185	67,980	63,851	65,189	69,096	67,686	65,218	63,494	63,816	65,075	66,135	66,201	67,540	64,274	67,765	66,801	66,769	66,581	60,789	55,756	52,770	42,650	34,350	31,560	29,840	28,610	28,170	28,630	27,400	26,240	24,040	20,190	16,180	12,970	10,680	10,160	9,610	7,670	6,520	5,390	4,500	3,810	3,330
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Social benefits	1,165,531	1,094,629	1,018,798	968,366	938,847	900,340	844,557	803,896	783,262	753,186	720,620	689,874	665,220	644,381	632,864	633,487	624,002	591,303	580,658	581,618	580,618	575,239	576,333	561,303	541,342	522,606	519,395	502,882	496,512	489,129	462,986	435,277	406,465	378,705	334,774	263,720	249,870	243,470	230,480	219,770	211,120	204,880	199,120	195,890	186,370	172,230	160,930	151,740	144,040	135,950	125,720	102,410	87,170	76,580	66,740	58,210
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Gross capital formation	156,090	138,755	121,484	116,604	105,734	105,686	96,149	89,790	81,642	77,594	73,379	69,314	69,555	68,613	69,244	67,809	66,227	61,085	55,490	55,729	51,997	50,319	56,434	57,300	55,160	56,520	55,574	48,740	47,442	49,741	51,084	54,394	54,791	56,486	50,356	31,620	29,500	27,850	27,440	27,200	24,770	24,090	24,060	25,090	27,580	28,650	26,640	24,130	22,450	22,270	23,020	22,640	18,700	18,020	18,320	17,040
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Intermediate consumption	288,463	282,159	267,658	258,084	243,732	226,880	199,498	188,173	181,054	173,672	163,692	157,080	151,856	145,499	141,421	134,841	127,026	119,010	111,629	106,887	102,439	98,930	97,291	98,452	94,606	90,498	90,910	79,185	77,720	77,600	76,621	75,977	75,902	73,596	67,860
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Other expenditure	227,168	230,081	243,871	246,042	249,493	211,743	157,259	148,966	143,729	137,044	130,897	128,701	127,575	117,419	114,214	145,810	115,143	111,684	98,332	97,568	100,013	97,196	100,156	99,498	102,443	101,258	92,842	102,204	95,760	98,482	221,244	96,584	94,820	93,253	104,077	133,060	104,470	100,090	96,080	92,390	90,560	88,210	83,380	80,620	77,810	75,980	70,840	64,640	61,420	57,180	52,550	49,000	43,600	39,300	34,590	29,790
Deficit(-) or surplus (+) (ESA 2010)	-132,104	-121,108	-94,986	-74,296	-117,619	-151,131	46,949	64,667	44,571	36,237	28,239	21,832	3,512	-1,521	-23,074	-115,620	-79,207	-6,809	3,937	-42,584	-78,396	-78,445	-85,812	-90,850	-68,602	-36,509	-38,771	-53,582	-59,551	-70,169	-179,290	-46,727	-54,655	-44,999	-51,087	-24,780	970	-22,180	-19,300	-11,930	-11,310	-18,650	-25,700	-29,600	-32,210	-23,150	-19,600	-17,520	-15,910	-20,430	-30,860	-8,640	5,450	-1,580	630	1,860
Revenue (ESA 2010), Memo item: total burden of taxes and social security contributions	1,875,952	1,769,412	1,691,248	1,651,011	1,546,626	1,423,961	1,464,573	1,412,472	1,355,517	1,294,408	1,236,023	1,183,794	1,140,667	1,105,397	1,066,759	1,002,999	992,268	1,019,402	991,318	942,919	900,286	887,187	887,095	873,254	871,278	886,942	868,525	831,315	807,454	791,257	773,191	743,813	701,679	673,601	614,851
As a percentage of GDP4
Revenue (ESA 2010), Total, As a percentage of GDP3	47.2	46.2	45.5	46.5	47.1	46.4	46.6	46.3	45.7	45.7	45.3	45.2	45.2	45	44.4	43.7	45.1	44.2	43.7	43.6	43.5	43.6	44.7	44.2	44.5	46.3	46.6	45.6	45.7	45.9	45.8	45.8	45.2	44.7	43.3	41.7	43.2	42.6	43.2	43.3	44	43.8	43.7	44.1	43.6	44	43.8	44.4	45.4	44.8	43.2	43.1	42.7	40.7	40	39
Revenue (ESA 2010), Total tax revenue, As a percentage of GDP	23.1	23	22.8	24.3	24.4	23.3	24.2	24.1	23.9	23.8	23.5	23.3	23.4	23.1	22.6	21.9	23	23.3	22.9	22	21.3	21	21.5	21.4	21.8	23.5	23.2	22.3	21.9	22.1	22.4	22.6	22.6	22.5	22.1	21.6	22.7	22.2	22.5	22.3	22.8	22.6	22.5	22.5	22.8	23.8	23.9	24.2	24.6	23.7	22.8	24	24.2	23.1	23.3	23
Revenue (ESA 2010), Social contributions, As a percentage of GDP	18.2	17.3	16.7	16.6	17	17.5	16.8	16.6	16.4	16.4	16.2	16.1	16.2	16.2	16.1	16.3	16.7	15.9	15.9	16.7	17.3	17.5	17.9	17.7	17.7	18	18.4	18.6	19	18.7	18.1	17.6	17.1	16.6	16.2	15.8	16	16.4	16.5	16.3	16.3	16.2	16.2	16.6	16.3	15.8	15.6	15.7	15.8	15.8	15.2	14.3	13.8	12.9	12.3	11.8
Revenue (ESA 2010), Other revenue, As a percentage of GDP	5.9	6	5.9	5.6	5.7	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.4	5.6	5.6	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.8	5.5	5.5	5	4.9	4.9	5	5	5.2	5	5	4.9	5	4.7	4.9	5.1	5.3	5.5	5.5	5.6	5	4.4	4.4	4	4.3	4.7	4.9	5	5	5	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.5	5	5.4	5.1	4.9	4.8	4.6	4.4	4.2
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Total, As a percentage of GDP6	50.1	49	47.7	48.3	50.3	50.7	45.3	44.4	44.4	44.6	44.4	44.4	45.1	45.1	45.3	48.1	48.3	44.4	43.5	45.3	46.9	47	48.5	48.2	47.7	48.1	48.5	48.3	48.8	49.6	55.2	48.3	48.3	47.4	46.5	43.6	43.1	44.6	45	44.5	45.2	45.8	46.5	47.5	47.5	46.9	46.5	47	47.9	48.3	48.8	44.8	41.6	41	39.9	38.5
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Compensation of employees, As a percentage of GDP	8.5	8.2	8	8	8.3	8.5	8	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.9	8	7.9	7.9	8.1	8.3	7.7	7.6	7.9	8.2	8.4	8.6	8.5	8.5	8.7	8.9	8.7	8.9	9	9	9	9.2	9.1	8.9	8.2	8.5	8.9	9.1	9.1	9.1	9.2	9.5	9.6	9.7	9.7	9.7	10	10.5	10.6	10.9	10.5	9.8	9.3	9	8.4
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Interest expenditure, As a percentage of GDP	1.1	1	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.9	1	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.8	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.9	3	3	3.2	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.1	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.4	2.1	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.1	1	1	0.9
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Social benefits, As a percentage of GDP	25.7	25	23.9	24.1	25.3	25.9	23.7	23.3	23.4	23.5	23.3	23.1	23.2	23	23	24.2	25	22.8	22.8	24	25	25.1	25.7	25.2	24.7	24.5	25	24.9	25.2	25.4	24.4	23.7	23.1	22.1	21	20.2	20.8	21.7	21.6	21.2	21.4	21.7	22.2	22.8	22.6	21.8	21.8	22.3	22.6	22.8	22.8	19.5	17.9	17.5	16.7	16.1
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Gross capital formation, As a percentage of GDP	3.4	3.2	2.9	2.9	2.8	3	2.7	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.6	2.7	3	3.1	3.3	3.2	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.9	3.3	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.7	4.2	4.3	3.8	4.1	4.6	4.7
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Intermediate consumption, As a percentage of GDP	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.4	6.6	6.5	5.6	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1	5.2	5.1	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.4	3.9	4	4	4	4.1	4.3	4.3	4.3
Expenditure (ESA 2010), Other expenditure, As a percentage of GDP	5	5.2	5.7	6.1	6.7	6.1	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.3	4.4	4.2	4.2	5.6	4.6	4.3	3.9	4	4.3	4.2	4.5	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.5	5.1	4.9	5.1	11.6	5.3	5.4	5.5	6.5	10.2	8.7	8.9	9	8.9	9.2	9.4	9.3	9.4	9.4	9.6	9.6	9.5	9.6	9.6	9.5	9.3	9	9	8.6	8.3
Deficit(-) or surplus (+) (ESA 2010), As a percentage of GDP	-2.92	-2.76	-2.23	-1.85	-3.17	-4.35	1.32	1.87	1.33	1.13	0.91	0.73	0.12	-0.05	-0.84	-4.42	-3.18	-0.26	0.15	-1.76	-3.37	-3.42	-3.83	-4.09	-3.12	-1.71	-1.87	-2.65	-3.03	-3.64	-9.44	-2.54	-3.11	-2.63	-3.21	-1.9	0.08	-1.97	-1.81	-1.15	-1.15	-1.98	-2.86	-3.44	-3.9	-2.94	-2.66	-2.58	-2.5	-3.42	-5.6	-1.64	1.12	-0.36	0.16	0.52
Revenue (ESA 2010), Memo item: total burden of taxes and social security contributions, As a percentage of GDP	41.4	40.3	39.7	41.2	41.7	40.9	41.2	40.9	40.5	40.4	39.9	39.6	39.8	39.5	38.8	38.4	39.8	39.4	39	38.9	38.7	38.7	39.6	39.3	39.7	41.6	41.8	41.1	41	41	40.7	40.5	39.9	39.4	38.6
State government (total) budgetary accounts3
State government (total) budgetary accounts, Revenue	570,983	544,068	529,496	533,479	507,916	454,150	434,975	419,624	396,748	380,238	354,207	337,346	323,352	310,066	286,486	266,782	260,134	276,169	273,123	250,311	237,443	233,509	229,183	228,804	230,904	240,376	238,117
State government (total) budgetary accounts, Expenditure	580,281	561,721	530,217	521,112	507,322	487,670	417,926	399,757	385,465	372,025	350,298	335,807	323,564	315,737	295,906	287,269	287,074	275,682	265,532	260,032	259,696	257,091	259,684	258,013	255,539	250,791	246,466
State government (total) budgetary accounts - deficit, surplus	-9,298	-17,653	-721	12,367	594	-33,520	17,049	19,868	11,283	8,213	3,909	1,539	-212	-5,671	-9,420	-20,487	-26,940	487	7,591	-9,721	-22,253	-23,582	-30,501	-29,209	-24,635	-10,415	-8,349
Statutory health insurance scheme3
Scheme, revenue, total2	355,460.94	318,440	304,441.16	315,248.47	289,269.53	269,158.24	251,295.28	242,359.97	233,813.91	223,692.25	210,146.68	203,151.15	196,404.53	193,317.85	189,048.86	179,529.15	169,837	162,515.98	156,057.67	149,928.86	145,741.85	144,279.3	141,654.21	139,706.83	135,789.81	133,807.82
Scheme, revenue, contributions	335,926.21	298,186.37	278,742.4	262,366.79	249,734.19	237,588.05	233,125.28	224,912.31	216,226.95	206,829.54	195,774.28	189,088.58	182,178.58	176,388.25	170,874.76	160,797.15	158,661.66	155,882.9	149,964.26	142,183.05	140,250.13	140,120.25	138,383.37	136,208.28	131,886.14	130,052.82
Scheme, revenue, central government funds	15,805.15	15,497.12	21,896.44	50,223.43	36,976.93	27,939.77	14,500	14,500	14,500	14,000	11,500	10,500	11,500	14,000	15,300	15,700	7,200	2,500	2,500	4,200	2,500	1,000
Scheme, expenditure, total7	352,889.96	328,743.52	309,596.45	310,594.3	294,601.71	275,268.34	252,439.92	239,706.44	230,772.87	222,935.54	213,726.87	205,588.76	194,537.41	184,288.95	179,599.29	175,803.69	170,824.92	161,333.82	154,313.96	148,296.72	144,070.69	140,259.65	145,094.83	143,026.43	138,810.61	133,823.11

Latest reading

The series on this page is annual and runs from 1991 to 2025. Source: Deutsche Bundesbank.

About this data

Germany budget deficit and government debt statistics, published annually by the Deutsche Bundesbank. The table breaks down general government revenue and expenditure, and covers the Maastricht deficit and debt as a % of GDP. Breakdowns include central, state and local government budgetary accounts, alongside social security funds such as statutory pension and health insurance schemes. Time series are available since 1961 and measure amounts in EUR million.

Frequently asked questions

What is the latest figure for Germany budget deficit and government debt?: General government, As a percentage of GDP stood at −2.92% in 2025. That is −0.2 pp from 2024.
Is Germany budget deficit and government debt at a high or a low right now?: The reading of −2.92% is the lowest since 2021.
How far back does the Germany budget deficit and government debt data go?: The series on this page is annual and runs from 1991 to 2025. Source: Deutsche Bundesbank. Every series in the table can be charted over its full history and downloaded as CSV or Excel.
What do the Germany budget deficit and government debt statistics measure?: They measure the general government budgetary position, including total revenue and expenditure. The data encompasses central, state and local governments, alongside statutory pension, health and long-term care insurance schemes in Germany.
What breakdowns are available for Germany's government revenue and expenditure?: General government revenue and expenditure are broken down by transaction type, such as taxes, social contributions and gross capital formation. The statistics also separate the budgetary accounts of the central, state and local governments in Germany.
How is the German government debt defined in these tables?: The debt is defined in accordance with the Maastricht Treaty for general government debt. It is presented both as a nominal value in EUR million and as a percentage of Germany's GDP to facilitate international comparison.