Germany GDP and national income
Germany's annual GDP and national income figures, published by the Deutsche Bundesbank.
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| Indicator | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | 1996 | 1995 | 1994 | 1993 | 1992 | 1991 | 1990 | 1989 | 1988 | 1987 | 1986 | 1985 | 1984 | 1983 | 1982 | 1981 | 1980 | 1979 | 1978 | 1977 | 1976 | 1975 | 1974 | 1973 | 1972 | 1971 | 1970 | 1969 | 1968 | 1967 | 1966 | 1965 | 1964 | 1963 | 1962 | 1961 | 1960 | 1959 | 1958 | 1957 | 1956 | 1955 | 1954 | 1953 | 1952 | 1951 | 1950 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Household income1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Households' income, Saving ratio | −8.2% | +7.8% | +1.0% | −27.9% | −11.4% | +53.4% | −4.6% | +4.9% | +3.0% | −1.0% | +1.0% | +6.4% | −4.1% | −3.0% | −1.9% | −1.0% | −4.6% | +1.9% | +0.9% | +1.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | +2.9% | −1.0% | +7.3% | −5.0% | −6.5% | −1.8% | −3.5% | −3.4% | −3.3% | −4.7% | −4.5% | −0.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overall economy10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP, At current prices | +3.3% | +3.1% | +6.1% | +8.0% | +6.8% | −2.2% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +4.4% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +4.1% | +2.5% | +1.9% | +5.0% | +4.9% | −3.7% | +1.9% | +4.8% | +4.3% | +1.4% | +2.3% | +0.8% | +1.3% | +3.1% | +2.5% | +2.7% | +2.8% | +2.0% | +1.5% | +3.4% | +4.6% | +2.8% | +7.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross national income, At current prices | +3.2% | +3.6% | +5.8% | +8.2% | +7.6% | −3.3% | +2.9% | +4.5% | +4.1% | +4.5% | +3.4% | +3.9% | +2.4% | +1.8% | +5.6% | +4.6% | −2.5% | +1.4% | +4.5% | +5.2% | +1.6% | +4.0% | +0.8% | +0.9% | +3.0% | +2.7% | +2.6% | +2.4% | +1.8% | +1.7% | +3.2% | +4.0% | +2.5% | +7.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employees, Work-place concept 1, 2, 3 | 0.0% | +0.3% | +0.9% | +1.6% | +0.4% | −0.5% | +1.2% | +1.6% | +1.7% | +1.6% | +1.1% | +1.1% | +0.9% | +1.3% | +1.3% | +0.5% | +0.1% | +1.6% | +1.8% | +0.7% | −0.5% | 0.0% | −1.4% | −0.6% | −0.4% | +2.4% | +1.7% | +1.2% | −0.2% | −0.1% | +0.3% | −0.2% | −1.6% | −1.6% | +29.3% | +3.4% | +2.0% | +1.6% | +1.7% | +2.1% | +1.6% | +1.0% | −0.9% | −0.7% | +0.3% | +2.0% | +2.5% | +1.4% | +0.8% | +0.3% | −2.3% | −0.5% | +1.8% | +1.2% | +1.7% | +2.9% | +2.8% | +0.6% | −3.4% | +0.1% | +1.4% | +1.1% | +1.1% | +1.4% | +2.5% | +2.8% | +1.9% | +1.3% | +3.1% | +4.2% | +5.5% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +3.7% | +4.6% | ||
| Labour costs per employee 1, 2, 3 | +4.9% | +5.2% | +6.3% | +4.4% | +3.2% | +0.3% | +3.3% | +3.2% | +2.8% | +2.4% | +2.9% | +3.0% | +2.1% | +2.7% | +3.0% | +2.5% | +0.5% | +2.3% | +1.0% | +1.2% | +0.3% | +0.4% | +1.9% | +1.3% | +1.9% | +1.6% | +1.1% | +0.9% | +0.7% | +1.0% | +3.5% | +3.0% | +4.2% | +10.3% | +5.9% | +4.6% | +2.6% | +2.5% | +2.8% | +3.2% | +2.4% | +2.9% | +3.1% | +3.9% | +4.6% | +6.6% | +5.6% | +5.3% | +6.5% | +7.8% | +6.9% | +11.2% | +11.8% | +9.6% | +11.4% | +16.0% | +9.5% | +6.7% | +3.3% | +7.5% | +9.6% | +8.2% | +6.0% | +9.1% | +10.3% | +8.9% | +5.6% | +7.0% | +6.6% | +7.9% | +8.3% | +4.9% | +6.2% | +7.9% | +16.1% | ||
| National income | +2.9% | +2.8% | +6.9% | +5.4% | +7.7% | −2.9% | +2.5% | +4.6% | +4.1% | +5.0% | +3.5% | +4.2% | +2.2% | +1.4% | +5.8% | +5.6% | −3.6% | +0.7% | +3.7% | +5.9% | +1.6% | +5.1% | +0.4% | +0.6% | +3.0% | +2.3% | +1.5% | +2.3% | +1.4% | +1.6% | +3.4% | +3.7% | +1.1% | +6.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entrepreneurial and property income | −2.2% | −3.7% | +6.4% | +4.0% | +18.6% | −9.2% | −2.2% | +4.1% | +3.0% | +7.5% | +2.3% | +4.5% | +0.4% | −4.0% | +8.7% | +11.4% | −12.0% | −5.2% | +5.0% | +14.1% | +5.5% | +16.7% | +0.2% | +0.3% | +6.8% | −2.1% | −1.6% | +2.6% | +3.9% | +3.3% | +2.8% | +6.3% | −2.2% | +2.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation of employees (residence concept) | +4.8% | +5.5% | +7.2% | +6.0% | +3.6% | −0.2% | +4.6% | +4.8% | +4.5% | +3.9% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +3.0% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +3.1% | +0.6% | +3.9% | +2.9% | +2.0% | −0.2% | +0.5% | +0.5% | +0.7% | +1.5% | +4.0% | +2.8% | +2.1% | +0.4% | +0.9% | +3.7% | +2.7% | +2.4% | +8.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross domestic product (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | +0.2% | 0.0% | −1.0% | +1.9% | +4.0% | −4.0% | +1.1% | +1.2% | +2.9% | +2.3% | +1.8% | +2.2% | +0.5% | +0.5% | +3.8% | +4.1% | −5.6% | +0.9% | +2.9% | +3.9% | +0.9% | +1.2% | −0.5% | −0.2% | +1.6% | +2.9% | +2.1% | +2.1% | +1.9% | +1.0% | +1.5% | +2.6% | −1.0% | +2.0% | +5.1% | +5.3% | +3.9% | +3.7% | +1.4% | +2.3% | +2.3% | +2.8% | +1.6% | −0.4% | +0.5% | +1.4% | +4.2% | +3.0% | +3.4% | +5.0% | −0.9% | +0.9% | +4.8% | +4.3% | +3.1% | +5.0% | +7.5% | +5.4% | −0.3% | +2.8% | +5.4% | +6.7% | +2.8% | +4.7% | +4.6% | +8.7% | +7.8% | +4.3% | +5.9% | +7.6% | +12.0% | +7.7% | +8.8% | +9.2% | +9.9% | ||
| GDP, Chain-linked index | +0.2% | 0.0% | −1.0% | +1.9% | +4.0% | −4.0% | +1.1% | +1.2% | +2.9% | +2.3% | +1.8% | +2.2% | +0.5% | +0.5% | +3.8% | +4.1% | −5.6% | +0.9% | +2.9% | +3.9% | +0.9% | +1.2% | −0.5% | −0.2% | +1.6% | +2.9% | +2.1% | +2.1% | +1.9% | +1.0% | +1.5% | +2.6% | −1.0% | +2.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP, Price index | +3.0% | +3.1% | +7.2% | +6.0% | +2.7% | +1.9% | +2.0% | +1.9% | +1.4% | +1.3% | +1.7% | +1.9% | +2.0% | +1.4% | +1.2% | +0.7% | +2.0% | +0.9% | +1.8% | +0.4% | +0.5% | +1.2% | +1.3% | +1.5% | +1.4% | −0.3% | +0.6% | +0.7% | +0.1% | +0.5% | +1.8% | +1.9% | +3.8% | +5.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of GDP4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At current prices5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Domestic demand, At current prices4 | +4.7% | +3.2% | +4.4% | +11.1% | +7.0% | −1.9% | +3.4% | +4.4% | +4.8% | +3.8% | +2.6% | +3.3% | +2.8% | +0.7% | +5.3% | +4.5% | −2.6% | +2.5% | +3.4% | +4.1% | +1.4% | +0.9% | +1.2% | −1.3% | +1.7% | +2.9% | +3.4% | +2.7% | +1.6% | +1.2% | +3.1% | +4.5% | +2.2% | +7.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Exports of goods and services, At current prices | +0.2% | −0.8% | +0.2% | +16.3% | +16.0% | −9.8% | +2.6% | +3.8% | +5.7% | +1.2% | +5.7% | +4.2% | 0.0% | +4.5% | +10.8% | +16.8% | −16.6% | +2.6% | +9.3% | +13.1% | +7.5% | +11.1% | +1.0% | +3.4% | +6.1% | +16.9% | +4.2% | +6.8% | +13.1% | +5.3% | +7.8% | +8.4% | −7.5% | +0.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Imports of goods and services, At current prices | +3.6% | −0.9% | −4.0% | +25.3% | +18.0% | −10.0% | +3.4% | +7.2% | +7.2% | +1.3% | +3.5% | +2.0% | +0.4% | +1.5% | +12.4% | +17.5% | −16.0% | +4.6% | +6.2% | +13.7% | +8.5% | +7.2% | +2.7% | −5.2% | +1.3% | +18.7% | +6.9% | +6.3% | +11.7% | +3.9% | +6.6% | +7.9% | −9.6% | +0.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Net Exports of goods and services, At current prices | −36.0% | +0.9% | +88.8% | −53.9% | +2.5% | −9.0% | −2.3% | −14.0% | −1.0% | +0.9% | +17.2% | +17.8% | −2.2% | +26.8% | −0.2% | +12.2% | −20.6% | −7.8% | +29.3% | +9.1% | +1.2% | +40.3% | −9.9% | +162.5% | +871.5% | −68.6% | −52.3% | +17.1% | +57.8% | +87.9% | +219.0% | +1,298.7% | −101.8% | +7.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross fixed capital formation by sector3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Price-adjusted, chain-linked index (2020 = 100)4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Domestic demand, Chain-linked index3 | +1.8% | +0.5% | −1.1% | +3.3% | +3.3% | −3.1% | +1.6% | +2.1% | +3.0% | +3.0% | +1.7% | +1.8% | +1.0% | −0.8% | +3.1% | +3.1% | −3.3% | +0.9% | +1.7% | +3.0% | +0.4% | −0.4% | +0.3% | −2.4% | +0.2% | +2.1% | +3.0% | +2.5% | +1.2% | +0.6% | +1.5% | +2.7% | −1.1% | +2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Exports of goods and services, Chain-linked index | −1.0% | −1.7% | −0.9% | +4.0% | +10.2% | −9.5% | +2.1% | +2.6% | +3.9% | +2.0% | +4.9% | +4.3% | +0.5% | +2.6% | +7.9% | +14.1% | −14.5% | +1.5% | +8.6% | +11.9% | +6.6% | +11.1% | +1.6% | +4.0% | +5.5% | +13.6% | +5.1% | +7.5% | +12.1% | +5.8% | +6.5% | +7.7% | −7.6% | −0.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Imports of goods and services, Chain-linked index | +2.9% | −0.6% | −1.0% | +8.0% | +9.3% | −7.9% | +3.6% | +5.2% | +4.3% | +3.9% | +5.4% | +3.5% | +1.8% | −0.4% | +6.7% | +12.5% | −10.1% | +1.7% | +6.0% | +10.7% | +6.0% | +6.9% | +4.9% | −3.1% | +0.7% | +10.6% | +8.8% | +9.3% | +9.2% | +3.9% | +6.5% | +8.0% | −8.2% | +2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross fixed capital formation by sector3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Price indices (deflators)5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Domestic demand, Price index3 | +2.9% | +2.6% | +5.5% | +7.6% | +3.6% | +1.3% | +1.8% | +2.2% | +1.8% | +0.7% | +0.9% | +1.5% | +1.8% | +1.5% | +2.2% | +1.3% | +0.7% | +1.6% | +1.8% | +1.0% | +1.0% | +1.3% | +0.9% | +1.1% | +1.4% | +0.8% | +0.4% | +0.2% | +0.5% | +0.6% | +1.6% | +1.8% | +3.4% | +4.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Exports of goods and services, Price index | +1.2% | +0.9% | +1.1% | +11.8% | +5.3% | −0.4% | +0.6% | +1.2% | +1.8% | −0.8% | +0.7% | −0.2% | −0.5% | +1.8% | +2.6% | +2.4% | −2.5% | +1.1% | +0.7% | +1.0% | +0.8% | −0.1% | −0.6% | −0.6% | +0.6% | +2.9% | −0.8% | −0.7% | +0.8% | −0.4% | +1.2% | +0.6% | +0.1% | +1.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Imports of goods and services, Price index | +0.8% | −0.4% | −3.0% | +16.1% | +8.0% | −2.2% | −0.2% | +1.9% | +2.7% | −2.5% | −1.7% | −1.5% | −1.4% | +1.9% | +5.3% | +4.5% | −6.5% | +2.9% | +0.2% | +2.8% | +2.4% | +0.3% | −2.2% | −2.2% | +0.6% | +7.3% | −1.7% | −2.7% | +2.3% | 0.0% | +0.1% | −0.1% | −1.6% | −1.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross fixed capital formation by sector3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Terms of Trade, Price index | +0.4% | +1.3% | +4.3% | −3.7% | −2.5% | +1.9% | +0.7% | −0.8% | −0.9% | +1.8% | +2.5% | +1.3% | +1.0% | −0.1% | −2.6% | −2.0% | +4.4% | −1.7% | +0.4% | −1.7% | −1.5% | −0.4% | +1.6% | +1.6% | +0.1% | −4.1% | +0.9% | +2.1% | −1.4% | −0.4% | +1.1% | +0.8% | +1.7% | +3.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contribution to GDP growth2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National accounts, Net Exports of goods and services, Contribution of growth to GDP | +200.0% | −100.0% | −262.5% | −172.7% | +175.0% | −42.9% | −800.0% | −120.0% | −350.0% | −66.7% | −220.0% | −141.7% | +50.0% | −33.3% | −150.0% | −2,500.0% | −92.3% | +30.0% | +100.0% | −68.8% | −300.0% | −138.1% | +50.0% | +75.0% | −200.0% | +100.0% | −157.1% | +75.0% | −100.0% | −150.0% | −125.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in inventories and net increase in valuables, Contribution of growth to GDP | −216.7% | +100.0% | +50.0% | −116.7% | +1,100.0% | −120.0% | −350.0% | −80.0% | −1,100.0% | −83.3% | −100.0% | −143.8% | −328.6% | −46.2% | −165.0% | +900.0% | −133.3% | +50.0% | −200.0% | −33.3% | −700.0% | −110.0% | −600.0% | −300.0% | −66.7% | −250.0% | −33.3% | −142.9% | −275.0% | +100.0% | −150.0% | −60.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wages, labour costs and productivity11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation of employees per hour worked by employees, Whole economy | +5.4% | +4.7% | +6.5% | +3.8% | +1.0% | +4.2% | +3.8% | +3.5% | +3.1% | +2.6% | +2.6% | +2.4% | +2.7% | +4.2% | +2.6% | +0.8% | +3.8% | +2.8% | +0.7% | −0.6% | +1.0% | +0.4% | +2.3% | +1.9% | +2.3% | +3.4% | +2.1% | +1.2% | +1.5% | +2.1% | +4.0% | +3.5% | +6.4% | +9.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross wages and salaries per employee, Whole economy | +4.5% | +5.1% | +6.5% | +4.5% | +3.3% | −0.2% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +2.7% | +2.6% | +3.0% | +3.1% | +2.3% | +2.9% | +3.4% | +2.7% | +0.1% | +2.5% | +1.5% | +1.0% | +0.4% | +0.7% | +1.6% | +1.6% | +2.2% | +1.2% | +1.2% | +0.9% | 0.0% | +1.3% | +3.1% | +2.0% | +4.5% | +10.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per unit of turnover on an hourly basis, Whole economy | +1.2% | +1.9% | +0.6% | −2.2% | −3.3% | +1.3% | +0.9% | +1.1% | −0.4% | −0.1% | +0.1% | −0.5% | +0.2% | +1.9% | −1.0% | −2.1% | +4.9% | +1.8% | −2.2% | −2.7% | −1.3% | −1.6% | 0.0% | −0.5% | −1.5% | +1.3% | +0.1% | −0.6% | −1.1% | −0.3% | +0.7% | −1.3% | +0.5% | +1.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross wages and salaries per hour worked by employees, Whole economy | +4.9% | +4.7% | +6.8% | +3.9% | +1.1% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +3.0% | +2.8% | +2.8% | +2.5% | +2.9% | +4.4% | +3.0% | +1.0% | +3.4% | +3.0% | +1.2% | −0.9% | +1.2% | +0.8% | +2.0% | +2.0% | +2.6% | +3.0% | +2.4% | +1.0% | +0.9% | +2.3% | +3.5% | +2.4% | +6.6% | +9.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross wages and salaries per employee, Production sector (including construction) | +3.4% | +4.9% | +6.3% | +3.4% | +3.6% | −1.7% | +2.3% | +3.0% | +2.4% | +2.1% | +2.7% | +2.9% | +2.6% | +2.5% | +4.1% | +4.2% | −2.2% | +2.1% | +2.5% | +2.2% | +1.4% | +2.1% | +2.6% | +2.1% | +2.6% | +2.3% | +2.1% | +1.8% | +1.0% | +2.2% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +4.3% | +12.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross wages and salaries per hour worked by employees, Production sector (including construction) | +4.1% | +4.7% | +7.1% | +4.1% | +0.8% | +1.6% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +3.1% | +2.4% | +2.2% | +1.8% | +2.7% | +4.7% | +2.8% | +0.9% | +3.6% | +2.4% | +2.2% | +0.9% | +2.5% | +0.9% | +2.6% | +2.2% | +3.4% | +4.1% | +2.3% | +1.1% | +0.9% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.1% | +7.1% | +8.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Labour productivity per hour worked by persons in employment, Whole economy | +1.1% | −0.3% | −1.2% | +0.1% | +1.6% | +1.0% | +0.8% | +0.4% | +2.1% | +1.4% | +0.8% | +1.0% | +0.5% | +0.8% | +2.5% | +2.3% | −3.0% | 0.0% | +1.1% | +1.7% | +1.8% | +0.9% | +0.9% | +0.9% | +2.4% | +2.4% | +1.4% | +1.1% | +2.5% | +1.9% | +1.4% | +2.9% | +2.0% | +2.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per unit on an hourly basis, Whole economy | +4.3% | +5.1% | +7.8% | +3.8% | −0.6% | +3.2% | +2.9% | +3.0% | +1.0% | +1.2% | +1.8% | +1.4% | +2.2% | +3.4% | +0.2% | −1.4% | +7.0% | +2.8% | −0.4% | −2.3% | −0.7% | −0.4% | +1.3% | +1.0% | −0.1% | +1.0% | +0.7% | +0.1% | −1.0% | +0.2% | +2.5% | +0.6% | +4.3% | +6.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross value added by sector, chain-linked index1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Origin of GDP, All economic sectors, Chain-linked index10 | 0.0% | 0.0% | −0.6% | +2.1% | +4.1% | −4.2% | +0.8% | +1.3% | +3.0% | +2.4% | +1.6% | +2.3% | +0.5% | +0.5% | +3.8% | +4.6% | −6.2% | +1.0% | +3.3% | +3.9% | +0.9% | +1.6% | −0.5% | 0.0% | +2.0% | +3.1% | +1.9% | +2.2% | +2.1% | +0.8% | +1.8% | +2.2% | −1.2% | +2.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of GDP, price-adjusted5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of gross domestic product, Private consumption (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | +1.3% | +1.4% | −0.2% | +6.3% | +2.1% | −6.3% | +1.9% | +1.7% | +1.8% | +2.5% | +2.4% | +1.1% | +0.2% | +1.2% | +1.2% | +0.6% | +0.4% | +0.1% | −0.1% | +1.4% | +0.9% | +0.6% | +0.7% | −0.6% | +1.0% | +2.2% | +3.2% | +1.5% | +0.9% | +1.7% | +1.2% | +1.5% | +0.3% | +2.9% | +4.4% | +4.2% | +3.0% | +2.7% | +3.6% | +3.8% | +1.8% | +2.0% | +1.4% | −1.0% | −0.4% | +1.5% | +3.2% | +3.6% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +3.7% | −0.2% | +2.9% | +5.4% | +5.5% | +7.7% | +8.0% | +4.7% | +1.1% | +3.1% | +6.9% | +5.4% | +2.8% | +5.7% | +6.1% | +9.0% | +6.4% | +5.2% | +6.1% | +8.8% | +10.4% | +6.6% | +10.3% | +8.9% | +7.3% | ||
| Use of gross domestic product, Government consumption (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | +1.7% | +3.9% | −1.2% | +0.3% | +3.1% | +4.9% | +2.9% | +1.0% | +1.6% | +4.0% | +2.9% | +1.8% | +1.6% | +1.3% | +1.0% | +1.6% | +3.0% | +3.8% | +1.9% | +1.2% | +0.6% | −0.5% | +0.6% | +1.4% | +0.4% | +2.0% | +2.8% | +2.8% | +1.3% | +2.8% | +2.4% | +3.5% | +1.1% | +6.1% | +3.3% | +2.0% | −2.1% | +1.5% | +0.6% | +1.4% | +0.8% | +1.2% | −0.5% | −1.0% | +4.6% | +3.5% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +2.1% | +2.1% | +4.5% | +5.6% | +6.2% | +4.9% | +6.4% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +0.6% | +3.6% | +3.2% | +4.9% | +1.8% | +6.1% | +9.5% | +6.2% | +6.5% | +7.9% | +12.2% | +11.1% | +7.8% | +7.1% | +5.3% | +5.5% | +8.5% | +8.5% | ||
| Use of gross domestic product, Domestic demand (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | +1.8% | +0.5% | −1.1% | +3.3% | +3.3% | −3.1% | +1.6% | +2.1% | +3.0% | +3.0% | +1.7% | +1.8% | +1.0% | −0.8% | +3.1% | +3.1% | −3.3% | +0.9% | +1.7% | +3.0% | +0.4% | −0.4% | +0.3% | −2.4% | +0.2% | +2.1% | +3.0% | +2.5% | +1.2% | +0.6% | +1.5% | +2.7% | −1.1% | +2.8% | +4.7% | +4.8% | +3.1% | +3.5% | +2.4% | +3.7% | +1.2% | +1.8% | +2.5% | −1.7% | −2.1% | +0.8% | +5.2% | +3.7% | +3.2% | +4.9% | +1.4% | −1.6% | +3.3% | +4.3% | +4.1% | +7.4% | +8.5% | +5.2% | −1.7% | +1.7% | +6.3% | +6.7% | +2.4% | +5.7% | +4.9% | +9.1% | +7.8% | +5.0% | +5.8% | +7.6% | +12.4% | +7.3% | +8.4% | +9.1% | +7.5% | ||
| Use of gross domestic product, Exports of goods and services (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | −1.0% | −1.7% | −0.9% | +4.0% | +10.2% | −9.5% | +2.1% | +2.6% | +3.9% | +2.0% | +4.9% | +4.3% | +0.5% | +2.6% | +7.9% | +14.1% | −14.5% | +1.5% | +8.6% | +11.9% | +6.6% | +11.1% | +1.6% | +4.0% | +5.5% | +13.6% | +5.1% | +7.5% | +12.1% | +5.8% | +6.5% | +7.7% | −7.6% | −0.3% | +11.0% | +11.4% | +10.3% | +5.7% | +0.7% | −1.2% | +7.5% | +8.9% | −0.5% | +3.7% | +7.2% | +5.4% | +5.0% | +2.8% | +4.0% | +10.3% | −6.1% | +11.7% | +10.7% | +6.2% | +2.4% | +6.8% | +9.4% | +12.7% | +7.7% | +10.0% | +6.5% | +8.2% | +7.8% | +2.9% | +5.0% | ||||||||||||
| Use of gross domestic product, Imports of goods and services (price adjusted) 1, 2, 3 | +2.9% | −0.6% | −1.0% | +8.0% | +9.3% | −7.9% | +3.6% | +5.2% | +4.3% | +3.9% | +5.4% | +3.5% | +1.8% | −0.4% | +6.7% | +12.5% | −10.1% | +1.7% | +6.0% | +10.7% | +6.0% | +6.9% | +4.9% | −3.1% | +0.7% | +10.6% | +8.8% | +9.3% | +9.2% | +3.9% | +6.5% | +8.0% | −8.2% | +2.8% | +10.9% | +10.8% | +8.6% | +5.5% | +4.6% | +3.2% | +4.0% | +5.3% | +2.7% | −0.8% | −3.0% | +3.1% | +9.6% | +5.5% | +3.7% | +10.9% | +2.9% | +0.5% | +3.7% | +6.4% | +7.4% | +22.8% | +16.9% | +13.2% | −1.3% | +2.8% | +14.2% | +9.2% | +4.8% | +11.2% | +7.7% | ||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, by sector9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Production sector (excluding construction) | +3.3% | +4.3% | +8.8% | +4.9% | −4.2% | +3.7% | +4.1% | +3.5% | −0.4% | −1.3% | +1.7% | −1.5% | +4.9% | +3.0% | −0.6% | −12.5% | +15.2% | +4.6% | −1.2% | −3.7% | −1.6% | −3.5% | −0.6% | +1.6% | +0.5% | −1.4% | +1.2% | +1.3% | −3.0% | +2.2% | +2.5% | −1.9% | +4.8% | +7.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Construction | +6.0% | +4.5% | +10.8% | +18.6% | +7.6% | +0.9% | +8.6% | +2.3% | +2.7% | +0.5% | +4.7% | +1.1% | +1.2% | +4.6% | +0.6% | −2.2% | +7.2% | +2.6% | +3.3% | +0.2% | +0.6% | 0.0% | +2.0% | +0.5% | +1.5% | +1.5% | +0.1% | +0.5% | −1.0% | +4.8% | +6.7% | +3.3% | +8.8% | +6.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Wholesale/retail trade, transport and storage, hotel and restaurant services | +2.8% | +7.7% | +9.9% | 0.0% | −2.5% | +4.3% | +1.0% | +2.0% | −1.4% | +2.1% | +0.8% | +1.4% | +2.1% | +1.2% | −1.2% | +3.7% | +6.7% | +2.7% | −0.9% | −6.7% | −2.6% | −3.0% | −1.8% | −1.1% | −3.1% | −0.4% | +0.6% | −2.0% | −1.2% | +1.0% | +1.6% | +0.6% | +7.1% | +9.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Business services | +5.6% | +5.4% | +7.0% | +6.2% | −2.2% | +3.2% | +5.4% | +1.5% | +4.6% | −1.3% | +4.1% | +3.2% | −0.3% | +5.9% | +7.5% | +2.9% | +12.6% | +6.6% | +0.6% | +2.3% | +2.6% | +6.6% | +4.5% | +1.9% | +1.5% | +5.0% | +2.9% | +2.6% | +4.9% | +5.4% | +3.8% | +7.2% | +5.7% | +4.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Financial and insurance activities | +9.9% | +12.4% | +8.6% | +11.5% | −5.9% | −1.4% | −2.6% | +7.8% | −6.0% | +6.7% | −0.5% | +7.6% | −3.5% | +4.0% | −1.8% | −7.2% | +5.1% | +5.3% | −0.2% | +4.3% | +2.8% | +9.4% | +17.9% | +7.6% | −2.8% | +14.3% | −4.8% | +1.2% | −0.2% | −1.1% | +7.4% | +3.3% | +0.6% | +8.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Real estate activities | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +8.4% | +6.8% | +0.3% | +4.1% | +4.6% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +1.1% | +1.8% | −4.6% | +5.8% | −0.4% | +3.3% | −1.8% | +0.2% | −0.6% | −1.6% | −0.4% | −3.9% | +1.9% | −2.0% | −2.9% | +0.5% | +3.9% | +6.3% | +0.9% | −2.5% | −2.4% | +3.7% | +8.3% | +8.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Public services, education and health | +5.7% | +3.8% | +6.7% | −0.4% | +3.4% | +4.7% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.0% | +2.1% | +2.4% | +2.9% | +4.7% | +2.6% | +1.3% | +1.7% | +4.0% | +0.2% | −0.2% | +0.1% | −0.5% | +1.1% | +1.4% | +1.5% | +1.9% | +0.7% | +2.3% | +1.0% | +0.1% | +0.3% | +3.6% | +1.5% | +4.4% | +5.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Other services | +5.8% | +3.3% | +5.9% | −8.4% | −1.3% | +17.6% | +2.4% | +2.6% | +3.0% | +4.8% | +2.9% | +3.0% | +5.5% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +4.0% | +6.1% | +0.1% | +0.9% | −3.0% | −3.1% | −1.3% | +4.1% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +1.7% | +3.0% | +3.2% | +4.0% | +3.1% | +7.0% | −2.7% | +7.5% | +6.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit labour costs per hour, Information and communication | +1.8% | +8.5% | +0.6% | +6.4% | +2.0% | +1.0% | +3.4% | −2.0% | −1.9% | +2.9% | +1.4% | +1.1% | −3.5% | +2.6% | −7.5% | +1.5% | +1.6% | +0.9% | −7.8% | −6.3% | +3.4% | −4.7% | +10.9% | −1.2% | −2.6% | +2.0% | −3.1% | −6.6% | −7.6% | −1.4% | +0.8% | +4.5% | −0.7% | +2.2% |
Latest reading
The series on this page is annual and runs from 1991 to 2025. Source: Deutsche Bundesbank.
About this data
Germany's annual GDP and national income figures, published by the Deutsche Bundesbank. The data covers the whole economy and household income, including consumption, gross fixed capital formation and the saving ratio. Wage and labour cost metrics are available by economic sector, along with price-adjusted, current price and chain-linked indices. The statistics have been recorded since 1950.
Frequently asked questions
- What is the latest figure for Germany GDP and national income?
- GDP, Chain-linked index stood at 105.07 in 2025. That is +0.2% from 2024.
- How far back does the Germany GDP and national income data go?
- The series on this page is annual and runs from 1991 to 2025. Source: Deutsche Bundesbank. Every series in the table can be charted over its full history and downloaded as CSV or Excel.
- What is included in the German national accounts data?
- The national accounts for Germany detail the gross domestic product (GDP) and national income across the whole economy. This includes household income, private consumption, gross fixed capital formation and changes in inventories, published by the Deutsche Bundesbank.
- What wage data is available in the German national accounts?
- The German national accounts include data on wages, labour costs and productivity. This covers compensation of employees per hour worked and gross wages by economic sector, including production and construction.
- How is the German gross fixed capital formation measured?
- Germany's gross fixed capital formation is broken down by asset type and sector, covering general government and non-governmental entities. The data is presented at current prices, as chain-linked indices and as price indices based on 2020.