Germany DIHK business survey: situation, expectations, investment and risks

Name: Germany DIHK business survey: situation, expectations, investment and risks
Creator: German Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DIHK)
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The DIHK surveys tens of thousands of member firms three times a year through the chambers of industry and commerce.

Source: German Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DIHK)Last updated: Sep 14, 2026, 12:00Curated by Bui Thanh PhucAbout this data ↓

Indicator	05-2026	01-2026	09-2025	05-2025	01-2025	09-2024	05-2024	01-2024	09-2023	05-2023	01-2023	09-2022	05-2022	01-2022	09-2021	05-2021	01-2021	09-2020	05-2020	01-2020	09-2019	05-2019	01-2019	09-2018	05-2018	01-2018	09-2017	05-2017	01-2017	09-2016	05-2016	01-2016	09-2015	05-2015	01-2015	09-2014	05-2014
Business situation and expectations5
Current business situation1
All industries4	-3	1	0	0	1	1	5	7	9	19	19	13	19	18	29	2	-3	-1	-26	30	30	36	43	45	45	48	45	40	38	36	34	38	35	32	32	31	33
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	-7	-10	-15	-11	-14	-16	-5	-1	0	19	21	14	29	35	35	25	6	-10	-23	16	16	34	43	47	52	54	48	44	36	32	31	34	30	32	30	28	35
Intermediate goods producers	-13	-18	-25	-21	-26	-30	-16	-14	-13	12	15	11	35	40	39	35	9	-13	-21	7	10	32	42	48	53	54	49	45	34	30	30	30	26	32	27	27	37
Capital goods producers	-3	-6	-11	-6	-11	-11	2	13	13	35	33	23	32	40	37	23	2	-18	-28	18	19	37	53	56	60	61	54	48	40	34	33	37	33	33	35	31	37
Consumer and durable goods producers	-9	-4	-10	-6	-4	-8	-5	-1	-3	5	8	0	6	12	15	-4	-3	-5	-34	25	15	29	29	30	32	39	32	29	31	30	28	35	29	28	27	23	31
Chemical industry	-5	-19	-19	-10	-2	-13	1	-12	-16	-3	1	-7	26	37	37	37	22	-1	-4	13	13	28	34	42	52	55	47	58	38	29	34	36	30	41	36	33	51
Pharmaceutical industry	25	42	18	36	32	41	21	35	33	34	29	21	26	30	26	31	33	26	38	52	43	53	45	50	57	60	51	50	51	35	39	40	43	49	38	29	41
Basic metals	-13	-30	-31	-37	-44	-44	-28	-26	-16	23	20	13	37	42	44	25	-17	-48	-55	-36	-14	21	39	48	56	49	44	28	9	10	3	-2	7	22	9	22	21
Metal products	-17	-20	-24	-22	-30	-31	-14	-6	-7	20	20	15	32	38	37	31	0	-23	-25	5	7	34	46	55	58	58	54	47	35	33	31	33	32	32	31	31	39
Electrical engineering	4	3	-6	-3	-7	-13	-1	8	6	36	38	28	38	46	43	31	7	-15	-27	18	18	37	50	53	56	60	55	50	39	32	36	38	34	37	35	31	37
Mechanical engineering	-5	-12	-14	-10	-14	-12	-2	10	14	39	36	26	39	46	43	22	-1	-25	-30	15	16	38	55	58	60	62	57	49	39	32	30	33	31	30	32	30	39
Automotive industry	0	-9	-32	-15	-30	-31	4	13	7	18	18	12	3	11	10	34	8	-23	-65	-4	-1	17	41	49	68	60	51	50	46	43	47	51	38	45	40	42	43
Construction3	7	9	14	9	5	15	13	8	16	26	28	26	39	47	51	41	39	44	30	59	63	62	66	70	62	62	64	56	52	54	41	41	43	35	34	39	37
Building construction	1	0	0	-3	-7	-2	-3	-7	0	14	21	19	38	50	54	46	41	48	38	61	61	61	65	71	63	58	62	57	52	53	46	42	42	37	34	39	37
Civil engineering	13	15	21	14	24	30	28	19	29	30	22	22	32	42	42	30	33	44	37	57	59	58	62	68	58	63	68	51	44	51	21	37	40	22	29	28	29
Finishing trades	19	17	25	21	14	27	29	24	33	39	38	37	43	47	51	39	39	40	20	57	66	63	68	69	63	65	65	59	56	56	42	46	48	39	37	44	42
Trade2	-21	-14	-17	-15	-12	-15	-7	-6	-7	7	12	0	14	17	25	-3	-5	5	-28	23	22	27	31	30	30	35	31	28	28	26	27	28	24	23	18	18	27
Retail trade	-21	-13	-14	-15	-10	-12	-6	-8	-9	4	5	-6	5	8	23	-17	-13	10	-28	26	23	23	23	22	23	27	26	19	23	20	23	23	23	22	17	19	22
Wholesale trade	-21	-17	-21	-18	-18	-22	-12	-7	-9	10	19	7	25	29	32	14	8	5	-22	21	22	32	40	38	36	42	37	36	33	30	31	33	26	23	22	20	35
Services (excluding trade)6	3	10	10	8	11	12	13	14	18	21	19	15	14	7	25	-11	-12	-3	-33	36	35	37	45	46	44	47	45	39	40	39	37	42	40	34	37	35	34
Transport and warehousing	-15	-9	-6	-7	-6	-6	-7	-10	-2	4	7	8	0	9	17	-8	-13	-17	-41	18	17	20	32	38	34	40	37	25	26	26	23	28	28	19	21	19	16
Hospitality	-17	-11	-2	-18	-8	4	-3	-4	22	10	3	18	-23	-67	18	-88	-86	-20	-91	38	42	34	42	46	32	40	45	32	42	46	35	44	45	26	34	34	22
Financial and insurance services2	36	41	32	41	39	35	34	39	31	34	28	15	35	40	37	24	24	19	-10	35	29	35	39	37	38	39	34	35	33	26	33	44	39	41	45	40	43
Banking	43	53	42	47	47	41	40	45	38	38	26	16	34	39	32	23	21	15	-5	27	17	26	31	28	33	32	28	27	28	19	31	44	40	42	44	40	45
Insurance	55	46	50	47	44	32	26	39	34	39	31	11	37	52	45	37	37	36	-8	52	45	40	47	46	47	55	43	49	38	35	36	44	28	27	49	41	39
Real estate	10	17	19	20	19	15	14	12	12	16	16	10	32	42	45	29	28	31	4	54	55	60	59	60	60	61	59	54	54	54	54	57	54	52	53	50	50
Health and social services	13	19	16	16	14	19	9	-8	3	2	-5	-11	8	11	15	-1	-1	11	-11	33	38	34	46	40	48	46	44	48	54	55	52	51	42	49	40	39	49
Information economy	7	7	5	12	14	13	23	25	20	33	30	17	31	33	38	20	14	6	-19	43	38	44	51	47	52	54	47	46	46	43	44	46	41	38	41	36	38
Business expectations1
All industries4	-20	-9	-12	-10	-17	-18	-10	-21	-22	-5	-14	-44	-14	5	10	1	-9	-7	-44	-2	-7	5	7	11	17	18	14	16	11	9	12	11	9	13	7	6	18
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	-16	-4	-9	-8	-17	-19	-11	-21	-26	-6	-12	-46	-23	12	17	16	8	5	-43	-5	-15	1	6	12	20	24	18	21	17	13	15	16	12	17	11	7	22
Intermediate goods producers	-17	-4	-10	-8	-21	-24	-14	-26	-32	-10	-18	-52	-29	10	11	15	11	5	-45	-7	-20	-1	3	10	19	26	17	21	18	12	15	17	12	18	11	5	25
Capital goods producers	-10	-2	-6	-6	-17	-17	-9	-16	-19	2	-1	-34	-17	21	26	24	14	7	-46	-10	-19	0	9	17	25	29	23	24	19	16	16	16	14	20	14	9	23
Consumer and durable goods producers	-20	-7	-10	-13	-10	-13	-8	-18	-22	-5	-17	-47	-19	7	18	7	-5	2	-38	7	-1	8	9	14	18	19	17	17	14	13	17	17	13	14	9	8	17
Chemical industry	-18	-4	-10	-3	-10	-9	4	-10	-16	-1	-14	-53	-29	7	14	21	19	19	-39	13	-8	10	13	17	18	31	22	23	25	15	24	25	23	26	20	8	29
Pharmaceutical industry	5	9	-5	11	23	21	16	16	1	5	0	-33	3	32	28	8	12	3	-21	18	17	20	2	20	28	26	26	22	17	12	23	26	11	18	10	8	22
Basic metals	-10	0	-4	-9	-23	-22	-15	-25	-36	-15	-11	-53	-38	18	18	23	26	16	-46	-25	-35	-25	-11	-3	8	25	14	11	5	4	1	0	-4	12	3	1	14
Metal products	-18	-7	-10	-9	-26	-32	-20	-28	-33	-6	-16	-53	-29	10	12	16	12	4	-43	-14	-27	-5	-1	10	16	26	18	19	13	7	13	14	8	20	10	3	22
Electrical engineering	-1	5	1	1	-6	-8	2	-6	-10	4	2	-27	-14	19	24	25	20	15	-42	0	-13	9	12	21	29	33	28	30	27	23	26	25	22	24	22	17	29
Mechanical engineering	-9	-3	-6	-6	-18	-18	-11	-19	-24	2	-1	-34	-18	25	30	30	17	5	-51	-13	-25	-4	7	17	26	31	22	28	19	16	13	16	15	21	13	8	26
Automotive industry	-17	2	-16	-4	-24	-34	-16	-33	-24	3	7	-40	-21	21	16	14	16	24	-35	-17	-24	-15	10	12	19	15	19	7	18	10	14	14	12	16	13	16	19
Construction3	-20	-14	-17	-13	-25	-31	-23	-38	-43	-27	-32	-56	-37	-3	-7	-14	-21	-20	-38	-3	-4	11	8	9	19	15	8	18	11	5	16	6	1	13	-1	-2	13
Building construction	-19	-12	-21	-13	-26	-34	-29	-45	-50	-36	-41	-62	-48	-2	-6	-14	-19	-18	-39	-1	-4	8	5	5	19	13	7	16	13	7	14	10	4	12	0	-3	14
Civil engineering	-20	-16	-21	-10	-26	-26	-14	-27	-37	-20	-39	-58	-43	-8	-19	-24	-32	-34	-41	-14	-6	19	7	10	20	15	10	24	3	0	15	-2	-2	9	-8	1	13
Finishing trades	-19	-17	-16	-11	-23	-28	-18	-33	-34	-17	-21	-49	-22	-2	-5	-9	-20	-17	-37	-1	-3	13	10	12	20	16	10	20	12	6	19	6	2	16	0	0	14
Trade2	-31	-19	-19	-20	-26	-28	-21	-33	-31	-18	-30	-55	-29	-7	1	-10	-25	-12	-46	-5	-7	3	2	7	10	12	12	13	8	7	12	9	9	11	4	3	18
Retail trade	-36	-24	-24	-23	-26	-26	-21	-31	-27	-18	-30	-56	-28	-11	1	-21	-33	-12	-44	-3	-3	2	-2	5	6	4	9	7	2	5	9	5	7	6	-1	4	10
Wholesale trade	-26	-14	-13	-18	-26	-28	-22	-33	-33	-16	-27	-53	-28	-1	4	0	-15	-10	-47	-4	-11	5	7	11	15	21	17	19	12	11	14	13	10	15	8	4	25
Services (excluding trade)6	-18	-8	-10	-8	-13	-14	-6	-16	-16	0	-9	-39	-3	5	12	-2	-12	-10	-45	0	-3	7	8	11	17	16	12	14	10	8	11	10	9	12	7	7	16
Transport and warehousing	-35	-23	-20	-18	-28	-26	-17	-35	-34	-16	-27	-49	-26	-3	7	-2	-19	-11	-49	-17	-20	-4	-3	1	13	12	7	7	2	-2	6	1	3	8	-5	-3	9
Hospitality	-23	-15	-28	-13	-29	-32	-10	-37	-32	5	-13	-58	22	-5	2	-13	-25	-29	-51	0	-4	12	2	6	19	9	7	20	7	7	18	6	7	16	4	9	18
Financial and insurance services2	-1	5	4	3	0	4	2	-3	-1	9	-3	-38	-13	7	7	-6	-19	-16	-58	-11	-19	-4	-3	1	1	-1	-2	-9	-13	-21	-19	-13	-10	-10	-10	-5	8
Banking	3	11	13	3	-1	4	1	-7	-1	16	4	-36	-19	3	-5	-13	-26	-26	-64	-29	-41	-16	-16	-11	-12	-15	-16	-26	-31	-40	-37	-28	-24	-22	-22	-16	0
Insurance	7	7	16	20	20	19	9	17	7	8	-7	-32	4	22	27	16	6	4	-58	14	19	9	23	14	24	28	17	21	12	8	14	7	12	8	17	16	27
Real estate	-17	-7	-6	-11	-9	-5	-4	-14	-19	-17	-23	-44	-17	5	3	1	-6	-2	-34	2	0	13	12	13	17	17	17	15	14	17	17	19	13	13	11	11	15
Health and social services	-17	0	-1	-1	-13	-4	-6	-12	-15	-17	-19	-36	-4	1	14	2	1	2	-18	7	14	9	12	14	15	19	15	18	16	18	22	25	21	21	12	24	25
Information economy	-9	-4	1	2	-1	-1	0	0	-1	11	3	-24	0	19	27	16	3	6	-40	16	13	18	22	23	25	29	27	25	25	27	25	23	22	24	24	21	24
Export expectations1
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	-10	0	-10	-10	-8	-12	-5	-7	-15	1	-1	-24	-9	20	21	17	9	-4	-56	0	-12	2	13	17	24	31	25	24	23	16	17	20	16	21	17	15	25
Intermediate goods producers	-14	-5	-14	-13	-13	-17	-9	-12	-23	-5	-8	-35	-14	15	16	15	10	-5	-56	-3	-17	-5	9	13	21	31	24	22	21	13	15	19	14	20	16	12	24
Capital goods producers	-3	5	-6	-7	-5	-9	-3	-1	-7	10	11	-10	-3	31	31	24	10	-1	-61	-3	-13	5	18	22	30	34	28	28	26	18	18	21	17	23	19	15	27
Consumer and durable goods producers	-10	0	-8	-9	2	-5	0	-5	-9	2	-4	-21	-9	17	18	8	1	-10	-50	13	5	15	17	19	21	29	25	21	24	19	23	24	21	20	18	22	27
Chemical industry	-16	0	-16	-10	-5	-4	8	-1	-11	2	-2	-29	-16	18	22	20	18	1	-49	12	0	9	17	19	30	43	36	34	34	24	27	32	26	29	33	19	33
Pharmaceutical industry	16	17	-2	31	51	26	13	31	6	20	19	-5	4	28	19	19	29	8	-23	35	27	39	23	28	43	39	32	45	42	26	43	33	34	33	34	29	28
Basic metals	-19	-4	-16	-19	-29	-28	-19	-21	-27	-19	-21	-44	-27	10	14	19	14	-15	-76	-21	-35	-26	-7	5	8	26	10	16	5	1	-1	8	0	19	-1	6	9
Metal products	-20	-11	-18	-19	-19	-28	-15	-16	-27	-6	-8	-41	-19	15	15	12	9	-5	-60	-12	-23	-12	4	10	20	30	23	16	18	11	13	16	10	18	17	6	23
Electrical engineering	5	11	1	-3	4	-3	5	7	-6	13	15	-6	2	29	47	24	5	5	-52	9	-6	13	19	26	32	38	36	32	30	24	25	30	25	27	24	25	31
Mechanical engineering	-5	4	-8	-8	-8	-11	-6	-5	-14	7	10	-12	-2	36	33	28	10	-6	-62	-8	-20	2	18	21	32	36	29	27	25	17	15	20	16	22	18	12	29
Automotive industry	0	-3	-16	-9	-12	-18	-11	-11	-11	8	13	-7	-17	25	18	23	6	26	-74	-13	-19	0	18	22	29	19	21	21	30	11	17	18	14	27	20	19	17
Investment intentions1
All industries4	-11	-8	-9	-7	-10	-10	-7	-9	-7	4	1	-10	6	12	13	0	-8	-15	-37	6	5	14	16	19	21	22	19	17	14	13	12	12	11	12	9	8	11
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	-15	-13	-16	-12	-17	-17	-10	-11	-12	7	3	-10	9	23	21	13	-1	-17	-41	-1	-4	10	16	22	26	27	24	21	14	12	13	12	11	13	11	9	13
Intermediate goods producers	-20	-18	-21	-17	-25	-26	-17	-21	-21	4	-1	-14	11	24	22	17	1	-18	-43	-7	-8	7	15	23	26	28	24	22	15	13	12	12	10	13	10	9	15
Capital goods producers	-12	-14	-17	-15	-22	-20	-11	-10	-8	11	8	-5	7	24	21	9	-7	-28	-50	-4	-10	8	17	22	28	28	25	20	15	9	11	9	10	12	12	8	12
Consumer and durable goods producers	-11	-9	-13	-9	-5	-7	-5	-6	-7	1	-3	-16	3	13	13	5	-2	-7	-35	12	6	14	13	20	22	23	22	20	14	13	18	17	16	17	15	11	12
Chemical industry	-7	-9	-11	3	-3	-12	-1	-13	-15	1	-1	-9	14	32	29	20	8	-6	-25	18	14	22	26	36	32	39	31	34	19	20	14	17	16	17	13	7	20
Pharmaceutical industry	5	16	0	27	35	34	19	30	16	18	-6	-7	24	24	9	20	19	9	0	33	24	29	28	28	32	38	31	20	20	33	28	25	27	34	25	21	30
Basic metals	-19	-19	-23	-21	-30	-30	-17	-20	-18	14	7	-6	15	26	26	11	-10	-26	-57	-21	-12	-1	12	16	23	24	18	20	8	5	4	-1	2	20	11	10	11
Metal products	-26	-21	-26	-24	-31	-32	-21	-20	-20	1	-4	-17	7	23	24	16	-1	-27	-48	-16	-17	4	11	20	26	26	22	21	15	11	11	9	7	12	10	8	10
Electrical engineering	-4	-6	-9	-11	-19	-19	-8	-9	-8	18	15	-2	17	26	27	17	5	-22	-45	-1	-7	11	16	28	28	32	32	23	19	15	13	19	15	14	12	10	13
Mechanical engineering	-15	-17	-21	-16	-22	-21	-12	-12	-12	11	7	-7	9	30	22	10	-6	-29	-51	-6	-11	9	16	23	28	28	24	18	11	10	8	8	10	11	10	8	14
Automotive industry	-10	-21	-33	-17	-39	-29	-15	-7	-3	4	13	2	-11	8	11	6	-14	-34	-74	-21	-24	-12	21	19	33	28	33	39	23	8	23	15	8	14	15	16	21
Construction3	-19	-15	-19	-14	-24	-23	-25	-27	-28	-14	-17	-28	-9	5	3	-3	-9	-9	-26	6	5	17	14	16	18	15	11	14	9	5	8	4	0	3	-1	-1	4
Building construction	-17	-20	-25	-17	-29	-31	-33	-32	-37	-24	-23	-32	-9	11	5	1	-4	-8	-24	5	8	19	13	17	17	16	12	15	11	4	8	5	0	7	2	-2	5
Civil engineering	-16	-9	-11	-2	-13	-20	-18	-18	-18	1	-16	-30	-26	1	-9	-14	-21	-12	-19	3	0	7	10	17	18	17	11	13	5	-2	2	0	1	-3	-8	-6	1
Finishing trades	-21	-16	-17	-13	-20	-14	-15	-20	-18	-6	-9	-19	-3	1	6	-2	-10	-9	-30	6	3	18	15	14	19	13	11	12	8	8	10	2	0	3	-1	3	5
Trade2	-22	-16	-16	-17	-18	-17	-14	-18	-14	-3	-5	-20	0	7	10	-7	-13	-14	-40	5	4	10	11	14	16	17	14	13	10	10	9	10	9	7	4	5	8
Retail trade	-23	-15	-14	-16	-15	-17	-17	-18	-17	-6	-8	-21	-2	2	5	-14	-17	-12	-38	7	4	6	6	8	9	10	11	7	5	6	8	7	9	4	1	5	4
Wholesale trade	-22	-19	-18	-22	-24	-20	-14	-19	-15	-3	-4	-18	3	12	16	1	-8	-14	-40	3	4	12	15	17	20	22	16	17	13	12	9	11	8	8	5	4	12
Services (excluding trade)6	-6	-2	-2	0	-2	-3	-1	-4	-1	7	4	-6	7	9	12	-4	-11	-15	-35	10	10	16	17	20	21	21	19	16	16	14	13	13	13	14	11	10	11
Transport and warehousing	-13	-8	-7	-4	-8	-10	-10	-15	-10	3	2	-7	3	12	13	-5	-15	-22	-47	2	0	10	14	17	16	18	16	9	10	7	9	8	8	5	1	3	4
Hospitality	-16	-5	-13	-18	-15	-15	-15	-18	-9	-3	-5	-9	0	-11	7	-23	-36	-29	-60	13	17	17	18	22	23	22	26	18	27	25	18	21	23	18	19	17	16
Financial and insurance services2	16	18	20	26	23	21	24	22	17	18	15	0	17	17	14	8	4	-1	-17	15	5	17	20	16	20	15	11	7	4	3	8	6	2	10	8	7	9
Banking	28	30	32	35	32	26	31	32	26	23	20	1	18	17	14	10	9	-1	-13	13	-2	16	18	12	18	12	10	2	-1	-2	7	5	0	10	6	7	11
Insurance	18	43	39	34	36	30	39	30	27	38	20	16	16	24	22	16	8	6	-5	24	18	21	30	25	21	23	22	16	19	19	12	19	18	18	19	19	7
Real estate	3	2	3	2	2	1	0	-4	-6	3	-4	-9	13	22	16	13	5	7	-17	19	16	26	25	26	31	29	25	28	27	25	28	22	20	27	20	15	18
Health and social services	18	12	21	23	29	22	17	10	20	13	10	6	25	25	28	16	9	7	-4	19	29	35	26	31	29	34	33	21	25	33	31	28	30	36	23	25	25
Information economy	-7	-10	-5	6	-2	-2	4	4	1	11	8	-4	14	18	19	5	1	-7	-27	17	17	20	23	25	23	25	22	21	22	20	20	14	18	18	18	14	14
Employment intentions1
All industries4	-14	-11	-13	-9	-10	-12	-7	-8	-9	2	2	-7	5	8	9	-3	-9	-13	-28	0	0	6	10	11	12	14	11	9	7	6	6	6	5	5	3	2	6
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	-20	-18	-21	-17	-19	-20	-14	-13	-12	2	4	-7	8	15	14	3	-9	-21	-33	-10	-10	2	10	15	17	21	16	12	7	5	4	4	2	3	2	0	5
Intermediate goods producers	-23	-21	-25	-22	-27	-29	-20	-22	-22	-3	0	-12	7	17	15	6	-7	-22	-35	-17	-16	-2	6	13	18	22	15	13	7	4	1	2	1	3	0	-1	5
Capital goods producers	-19	-19	-20	-17	-18	-18	-11	-7	-4	12	15	2	10	19	17	3	-12	-24	-35	-10	-9	6	18	22	23	26	20	15	10	5	7	6	4	4	5	1	8
Consumer and durable goods producers	-21	-18	-22	-17	-14	-15	-13	-16	-12	-7	-6	-14	3	4	6	-8	-12	-17	-33	-2	-6	4	3	8	7	13	11	4	4	6	5	6	1	4	1	-1	1
Chemical industry	-13	-21	-25	-13	-14	-11	-7	-10	-12	0	-1	-15	4	15	15	11	2	-4	-21	-1	1	7	14	22	17	27	18	15	9	6	8	12	8	8	7	1	11
Pharmaceutical industry	-7	3	4	19	15	19	6	10	23	10	2	2	26	30	10	15	11	-5	6	19	14	12	17	21	15	25	17	18	13	21	30	14	12	31	27	25	14
Basic metals	-18	-21	-28	-32	-33	-33	-35	-26	-25	-1	5	-8	4	15	13	0	-21	-43	-55	-45	-37	-17	1	0	11	15	8	1	-6	-5	-13	-15	-7	-4	-8	-11	-8
Metal products	-27	-26	-26	-23	-31	-32	-23	-21	-22	-2	-3	-15	3	13	17	4	-13	-29	-37	-21	-20	-6	5	14	19	22	14	11	7	2	1	4	1	4	1	-1	6
Electrical engineering	-13	-11	-15	-10	-14	-17	-3	-2	1	18	21	11	20	25	24	12	-3	-19	-31	-4	-4	8	15	24	26	31	28	22	16	10	7	14	10	9	10	6	12
Mechanical engineering	-23	-24	-22	-20	-18	-17	-12	-8	-6	14	17	7	13	25	19	3	-12	-26	-39	-12	-14	6	20	23	26	29	24	17	11	6	6	5	3	4	2	1	9
Automotive industry	-42	-45	-51	-38	-46	-44	-32	-39	-20	-6	-3	-19	-19	-6	-4	-8	-22	-41	-60	-37	-33	-18	2	8	14	6	1	8	-1	-11	3	-6	-4	-10	-1	2	-3
Construction3	-9	-9	-11	-8	-12	-13	-12	-16	-22	-8	-7	-17	-1	5	4	2	-1	-3	-11	6	4	11	11	12	15	14	10	13	9	5	9	4	1	3	-2	-3	1
Building construction	-12	-10	-13	-12	-16	-15	-17	-20	-30	-13	-10	-18	-3	5	5	3	0	-2	-8	4	4	8	11	12	13	10	9	10	8	5	8	4	2	6	-1	-4	1
Civil engineering	-4	-5	-8	-3	-7	-11	1	-1	-11	1	-10	-12	-1	1	-4	-4	-4	-3	-7	8	3	13	13	12	19	19	10	20	7	2	9	1	-2	-6	-7	-5	4
Finishing trades	-8	-10	-9	-6	-11	-10	-9	-16	-14	-5	-5	-16	2	7	5	3	-1	-2	-18	7	6	12	9	11	17	15	12	14	9	7	10	5	1	3	-2	-1	2
Trade2	-20	-17	-17	-14	-15	-17	-11	-12	-13	-3	-4	-14	-2	5	6	-6	-11	-8	-26	0	1	6	7	8	9	10	9	7	6	5	5	4	3	3	-1	-1	5
Retail trade	-22	-18	-17	-14	-15	-17	-13	-14	-14	-6	-8	-17	-5	1	5	-11	-14	-7	-25	0	0	2	1	3	4	3	5	2	0	2	3	2	1	0	-5	-2	1
Wholesale trade	-20	-17	-18	-15	-18	-19	-9	-12	-14	1	-1	-11	4	10	10	0	-8	-7	-25	0	2	11	13	12	13	17	13	13	10	8	7	6	4	6	3	2	11
Services (excluding trade)6	-10	-7	-7	-4	-4	-6	-2	-3	-5	4	4	-5	7	5	8	-6	-9	-12	-28	5	3	8	11	9	11	12	9	8	7	6	8	7	7	6	5	5	8
Transport and warehousing	-17	-16	-11	-12	-13	-17	-13	-18	-16	-4	-1	-7	-1	2	6	-7	-14	-14	-33	-3	-7	1	8	7	8	12	9	7	6	4	5	4	5	3	0	0	3
Hospitality	-20	-18	-21	-17	-17	-19	-14	-17	-16	-1	-1	-15	7	-8	2	-24	-31	-30	-64	-3	-1	4	2	0	5	3	1	5	3	0	5	3	3	0	-1	1	2
Financial and insurance services2	-2	2	1	6	6	5	3	0	-4	-3	-4	-16	-12	-12	-13	-21	-20	-24	-25	-23	-21	-20	-21	-24	-24	-28	-31	-33	-34	-29	-27	-23	-17	-15	-14	-10	-6
Banking	-3	0	-2	2	0	0	-3	-8	-15	-13	-20	-31	-36	-37	-42	-48	-46	-51	-46	-48	-44	-44	-46	-49	-48	-53	-55	-56	-58	-49	-46	-41	-30	-27	-24	-19	-15
Insurance	6	5	21	14	34	21	17	13	23	30	21	9	25	19	23	4	11	18	-4	8	-1	3	-1	-1	-3	-10	-18	-14	-20	-12	-5	-8	-12	-9	-6	-2	0
Real estate	-6	-3	-4	1	-3	-3	-1	-5	-8	0	-4	-5	5	8	10	5	2	1	-9	8	6	11	12	12	13	14	13	11	9	7	11	7	8	5	2	5	5
Health and social services	6	10	8	17	15	15	13	3	3	10	2	2	19	13	16	11	17	17	5	31	30	30	32	25	24	31	28	28	30	37	25	26	28	29	15	17	24
Information economy	-5	-3	-3	3	6	3	10	13	9	18	18	10	22	26	29	18	14	6	-12	26	24	28	34	32	29	33	27	27	24	24	25	22	20	18	23	21	19
Domestic investment motives5
Replacement needs1
All industries4	67	66	67	67	67	67	66	67	65	66	65	64	65	63	63	64	64	65		65	65	64	65	64	64	65	64	66	67	65	66	66	65	66	66	66	66
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	68	67	66	68	67	66	65	67	65	64	65	62	64	63	62	64	64	65		65	65	62	63	63	63	62	61	63	63	63	63	63	63	63	63	64	62
Intermediate goods producers	69	69	68	70	69	69	66	69	66	66	66	62	64	62	62	64	65	66		66	65	62	64	62	63	62	60	64	62	62	64	62	62	61	62	63	61
Capital goods producers	64	64	63	65	65	60	61	62	61	60	59	59	60	61	60	63	61	62		64	62	61	62	61	61	58	60	61	62	60	60	62	61	63	61	64	61
Consumer and durable goods producers	69	67	65	65	64	66	67	70	65	63	66	63	63	62	63	62	62	64		61	64	59	61	62	62	61	60	61	64	64	64	66	67	61	63	63	63
Chemical industry	61	59	60	67	60	69	67	67	56	55	58	55	57	61	56	62	56	58		54	60	56	61	56	61	56	55	52	59	58	60	57	62	59	55	58	55
Pharmaceutical industry	73	69	58	58	60	68	71	66	74	65	69	58	68	58	59	56	52	53		63	53	59	67	59	50	59	54	63	74	72	68	70	64	66	66	73	73
Basic metals	77	74	77	75	72	70	70	65	69	70	74	65	65	67	69	65	68	66		72	65	69	66	69	69	68	58	69	63	60	65	65	69	67	64	67	71
Metal products	71	70	71	71	71	72	67	68	68	65	66	64	66	65	62	66	66	68		67	66	62	66	63	60	62	63	62	65	61	64	65	61	61	62	65	62
Electrical engineering	56	59	56	63	60	55	54	58	57	56	55	55	55	58	54	55	58	56		59	55	56	54	56	55	52	52	57	54	56	57	53	54	53	55	53	54
Mechanical engineering	63	66	64	64	64	61	62	63	61	60	61	60	63	62	62	65	65	64		64	63	62	63	62	64	62	62	65	64	63	63	62	64	66	64	65	63
Automotive industry	70	59	61	58	71	58	57	50	61	66	57	56	48	50	55	55	48	57		71	55	57	54	58	54	51	58	51	53	57	57	68	53	57	59	66	55
Construction3	79	80	79	78	80	81	80	80	80	80	79	78	79	78	77	79	79	79		79	79	78	78	76	78	78	76	79	80	79	78	80	80	81	81	80	80
Building construction	89	85	85	78	81	82	80	82	79	79	79	80	76	75	75	78	78	76		77	77	77	77	74	78	78	77	77	80	78	78	80	79	81	79	80	80
Civil engineering	80	87	86	82	78	87	85	88	90	89	92	85	93	91	88	88	87	87		83	88	83	85	86	86	84	85	87	86	88	81	85	89	90	90	82	90
Finishing trades	75	79	77	77	79	76	76	75	79	76	76	74	75	78	76	77	76	78		78	79	79	76	71	74	76	72	77	79	75	77	79	77	77	80	77	77
Trade2	67	65	66	67	64	65	65	65	66	64	64	61	64	64	63	62	63	64		63	64	62	63	62	63	64	62	65	65	63	63	63	62	64	63	63	64
Retail trade	68	66	68	67	65	65	64	64	66	64	65	61	63	63	63	61	63	63		63	64	62	62	63	63	66	64	64	64	62	63	63	61	64	62	62	63
Wholesale trade	67	65	65	65	63	64	64	64	65	63	63	60	63	64	61	61	62	63		63	63	61	63	62	62	62	61	64	64	63	65	61	63	62	64	62	64
Services (excluding trade)6	65	65	65	66	65	66	65	66	64	65	64	64	64	62	62	63	63	63		64	63	63	64	63	63	65	64	66	68	66	66	66	65	66	67	67	67
Transport and warehousing	79	81	78	81	82	81	79	80	78	82	79	78	80	79	77	79	79	78		79	78	78	78	78	78	79	76	81	81	79	79	80	77	80	81	80	81
Hospitality	76	73	76	74	73	74	70	71	70	70	67	67	68	66	68	68	70	71		72	71	69	70	68	70	72	68	71	73	74	71	71	72	71	71	70	68
Financial and insurance services2	61	62	62	64	62	60	63	66	63	60	60	62	59	59	57	56	59	57		61	58	62	63	60	63	63	60	64	67	66	67	67	69	69	70	68	69
Banking	73	75	74	70	69	69	69	72	72	68	69	71	66	68	65	66	69	67		70	66	72	72	69	72	72	68	74	77	74	77	77	80	78	79	81	79
Insurance	23	45	34	48	49	38	51	55	49	37	38	44	39	33	29	35	34	28		33	37	51	37	43	47	40	37	36	38	38	46	39	36	48	46	38	52
Real estate	59	60	62	64	64	64	63	63	57	63	62	62	64	60	59	61	63	59		63	63	62	62	62	58	62	59	62	65	60	60	64	59	58	63	63	63
Health and social services	78	71	69	76	67	74	73	75	71	66	69	71	74	68	73	72	68	70		71	74	71	69	71	75	65	69	71	72	61	75	69	69	68	70	68	77
Information economy	50	47	51	50	49	50	52	52	48	51	52	51	51	49	51	52	47	48		49	50	46	45	47	48	49	52	52	54	56	53	54	52	53	53	51	54
Capacity expansion1
All industries4	34	34	33	33	33	32	32	32	32	31	31	33	31	31	31	33	33	34		32	32	31	32	32	31	31	32	31	33	32	31	32	32	31	31	31	30
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	20	20	20	20	21	20	23	22	24	29	28	28	32	35	36	31	26	22		27	27	35	37	40	42	41	39	36	34	32	31	31	30	31	32	31	32
Intermediate goods producers	18	17	18	18	18	16	21	19	20	27	28	27	34	37	38	32	25	20		25	26	33	37	41	43	43	39	37	35	34	32	31	31	33	31	31	34
Capital goods producers	22	20	20	18	21	21	24	24	28	33	31	31	32	36	34	29	24	21		26	26	35	39	41	44	42	41	35	33	31	30	31	29	31	32	32	33
Consumer and durable goods producers	19	22	20	24	25	23	22	21	24	25	23	24	26	28	32	26	27	25		31	27	37	33	38	36	37	35	32	34	32	31	31	30	28	30	28	28
Chemical industry	23	21	23	28	30	23	28	20	27	23	29	27	42	39	42	43	35	30		41	39	52	50	51	48	55	48	50	39	39	40	40	36	39	37	36	45
Pharmaceutical industry	38	46	39	49	52	48	49	45	50	49	41	47	53	51	48	43	51	50		59	54	53	46	55	51	59	52	58	64	50	59	52	54	51	56	51	41
Basic metals	16	13	18	13	16	14	16	17	17	25	25	27	25	33	35	24	25	17		16	21	31	35	37	36	35	35	34	26	32	26	28	24	36	27	27	28
Metal products	16	15	16	15	15	16	20	18	19	27	27	25	29	35	35	27	23	18		22	23	33	34	43	44	44	39	35	33	33	31	32	33	33	34	33	35
Electrical engineering	26	22	22	23	24	23	31	32	33	39	41	37	43	43	44	34	27	21		27	29	36	39	44	44	48	43	38	35	34	30	29	31	35	31	35	34
Mechanical engineering	20	18	19	16	19	19	19	23	26	34	29	32	34	38	35	30	23	21		24	26	35	41	41	45	44	40	34	33	30	29	30	28	29	31	31	34
Automotive industry	19	18	14	17	19	16	25	20	27	26	32	31	29	28	32	38	27	23		27	23	33	39	44	51	41	47	40	42	38	35	35	32	39	40	38	33
Construction3	21	17	18	21	17	17	18	16	14	17	16	15	19	20	22	20	19	19		22	22	25	24	26	26	27	27	25	25	22	22	22	20	20	19	19	18
Building construction	21	18	15	21	14	15	15	12	12	14	14	12	21	22	24	22	20	19		24	23	28	24	27	26	26	26	29	24	22	21	23	21	23	20	17	18
Civil engineering	19	18	22	20	20	17	19	22	17	20	13	17	14	17	17	14	15	18		19	17	22	24	23	24	31	29	21	23	20	18	18	12	11	16	18	13
Finishing trades	20	14	17	21	19	20	20	18	16	19	18	18	19	20	23	20	19	19		22	25	24	25	27	29	29	28	23	25	26	25	23	24	20	19	22	21
Trade2	16	17	17	17	18	17	19	19	18	22	21	20	22	25	28	24	23	23		25	26	27	28	29	29	30	30	30	28	29	27	27	27	25	25	25	28
Retail trade	14	16	15	15	16	15	17	17	14	19	17	17	19	23	23	21	21	20		23	23	23	23	23	24	25	27	25	24	25	22	23	24	22	20	23	25
Wholesale trade	19	18	18	18	19	19	21	20	21	24	24	24	25	29	33	28	26	26		28	29	32	33	33	33	34	33	33	32	32	30	30	29	29	29	29	32
Services (excluding trade)6	19	19	20	19	19	19	19	19	20	20	21	20	23	25	25	22	22	22		26	25	28	30	29	29	30	28	27	28	27	26	26	26	24	25	24	25
Transport and warehousing	17	17	18	18	17	13	17	15	16	18	20	21	20	23	26	19	18	21		23	21	26	28	27	28	29	29	25	26	23	25	23	24	20	21	23	25
Hospitality	12	12	13	11	13	11	11	11	11	11	11	10	12	14	14	11	13	13		14	14	16	17	19	15	15	17	17	18	19	17	14	16	14	14	14	16
Financial and insurance services2	18	18	17	17	14	18	17	15	15	16	16	13	17	18	18	13	15	14		16	16	16	17	16	17	15	14	12	11	11	10	12	13	13	13	14	16
Banking	10	10	8	9	9	10	8	6	7	8	8	8	8	10	13	5	7	8		10	8	9	10	10	11	8	7	6	7	6	6	7	8	9	10	12	13
Insurance	28	27	24	23	20	29	26	19	16	23	15	13	24	28	19	12	21	15		18	11	12	16	21	22	18	20	9	9	16	11	15	17	15	11	15	13
Real estate	26	24	25	24	23	22	24	20	24	23	22	22	29	31	33	36	33	36		35	36	41	40	41	38	40	37	39	39	39	37	36	34	37	33	35	30
Health and social services	21	19	29	24	31	29	26	25	20	30	30	29	31	27	32	25	35	43		34	36	37	44	40	38	45	46	42	47	49	45	39	43	40	37	39	41
Information economy	19	23	21	24	25	24	25	24	28	27	28	26	32	35	32	30	30	27		35	32	38	39	39	37	39	35	37	35	34	34	33	33	32	33	32	31
Product innovation1
All industries4	27	29	28	28	28	28	27	28	27	27	28	26	29	31	32	31	32	32		33	32	33	32	32	32	33	33	32	33	32	31	31	31	30	30	30	28
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	29	31	30	31	32	30	30	32	31	30	31	29	32	36	35	36	37	37		37	37	36	36	36	37	38	39	38	40	38	38	39	38	37	37	38	37
Intermediate goods producers	28	29	28	27	28	26	28	30	29	28	28	27	30	35	33	33	35	35		35	35	35	34	34	37	36	37	35	39	36	37	38	36	36	36	36	37
Capital goods producers	34	35	33	37	39	37	36	39	36	37	38	37	37	42	42	41	42	43		44	44	41	43	43	41	46	44	43	47	45	43	45	44	42	44	44	42
Consumer and durable goods producers	31	33	32	31	33	33	30	30	29	26	28	27	32	32	32	36	35	37		37	36	37	37	33	39	37	40	39	37	36	36	40	36	38	35	37	37
Chemical industry	27	30	27	28	31	27	30	30	32	31	35	33	37	34	36	36	39	37		36	33	41	36	34	33	36	39	37	40	39	36	40	32	31	31	31	38
Pharmaceutical industry	40	43	45	38	39	43	50	34	35	43	31	35	41	35	36	43	38	38		37	37	37	40	41	45	46	51	46	36	38	40	41	29	26	28	29	27
Basic metals	19	28	22	23	22	17	20	24	23	22	24	24	29	29	29	31	28	30		28	30	30	27	32	34	29	39	32	34	33	34	30	29	29	30	31	22
Metal products	24	26	25	25	25	25	25	28	26	25	23	26	26	32	29	27	31	29		29	30	31	30	30	30	32	31	30	35	33	33	32	31	32	33	30	33
Electrical engineering	49	47	47	44	44	46	46	48	47	47	48	46	48	52	51	53	54	57		54	56	49	52	48	51	54	55	52	56	53	51	54	54	53	52	54	52
Mechanical engineering	32	33	33	38	37	38	33	37	34	35	35	35	36	41	39	39	41	41		41	42	39	40	41	37	42	41	41	45	43	42	45	41	40	40	41	39
Automotive industry	45	44	37	42	47	39	46	49	43	45	42	46	40	54	53	53	50	49		57	44	48	48	55	50	64	65	56	49	54	51	56	61	53	54	60	55
Construction3	17	16	17	18	16	18	18	19	17	16	18	17	20	19	23	21	21	21		20	21	23	21	19	20	21	19	19	21	20	19	16	16	16	17	15	16
Building construction	16	16	17	20	17	20	21	21	20	19	20	18	24	20	25	24	26	23		22	25	26	24	22	21	21	19	20	22	21	21	16	17	17	16	17	13
Civil engineering	20	21	14	20	13	19	18	18	16	15	17	18	18	20	21	12	22	23		25	18	26	20	17	19	21	22	22	19	19	18	14	20	14	15	16	18
Finishing trades	16	14	16	17	17	17	16	18	15	15	17	18	17	17	22	21	17	19		16	18	20	19	17	20	22	19	19	22	21	18	18	15	16	18	14	18
Trade2	21	24	23	23	24	23	22	23	23	24	24	23	24	26	27	26	27	28		28	27	29	29	28	27	29	28	27	29	26	27	26	26	26	25	26	22
Retail trade	21	24	23	24	25	23	23	25	24	27	26	24	26	29	29	28	28	30		29	28	31	30	30	28	30	29	30	32	28	30	28	30	30	31	30	22
Wholesale trade	20	24	23	22	25	24	24	23	24	23	25	23	26	26	28	26	27	27		27	27	29	28	28	26	30	28	25	27	26	24	26	25	24	22	24	22
Services (excluding trade)6	29	31	29	29	29	28	28	29	28	28	29	26	29	32	32	31	31	31		33	32	33	33	32	33	32	33	32	32	31	31	30	31	29	29	29	27
Transport and warehousing	15	15	15	16	15	13	13	14	16	13	15	14	15	17	18	16	16	16		18	14	16	17	16	15	15	16	13	18	14	14	12	14	13	13	13	11
Hospitality	25	29	25	26	27	26	23	24	24	27	27	25	30	29	30	29	27	26		32	31	35	38	35	37	36	37	34	33	37	35	35	38	33	36	33	29
Financial and insurance services2	31	33	32	32	35	31	33	33	31	30	33	30	32	35	36	35	36	41		38	40	36	38	35	35	34	38	34	32	32	30	30	26	24	25	27	27
Banking	27	31	33	28	32	26	30	28	24	29	28	24	25	27	30	27	30	36		36	37	32	35	30	31	29	34	26	23	22	23	22	18	17	15	16	19
Insurance	62	64	60	67	54	59	58	70	58	54	64	55	64	68	68	77	70	75		74	75	65	66	58	64	63	65	69	66	76	63	64	63	49	57	56	50
Real estate	20	21	20	18	21	19	17	19	19	19	20	16	21	22	22	23	24	23		23	21	21	21	24	24	20	23	23	23	18	18	21	20	19	22	19	18
Health and social services	26	26	27	27	20	30	24	21	23	19	22	22	32	25	28	30	22	30		26	25	24	22	24	26	27	22	33	23	29	28	30	29	26	27	35	29
Information economy	55	53	49	52	51	54	52	53	50	48	49	45	50	53	54	50	55	51		55	53	55	55	53	53	54	54	55	58	53	52	53	52	48	50	48	45
Rationalisation1
All industries4	19	19	19	19	20	19	20	20	21	22	23	22	25	28	29	25	23	22		26	26	30	31	32	32	33	32	30	30	28	27	27	27	26	26	26	27
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	43	43	44	42	43	42	42	43	42	42	41	42	41	42	42	44	44	46		46	46	45	45	45	43	46	45	44	47	46	45	46	46	45	46	45	44
Intermediate goods producers	47	46	48	46	47	45	47	47	45	46	45	45	45	45	45	48	48	50		51	51	50	48	50	47	50	49	47	50	49	49	50	51	50	50	48	48
Capital goods producers	44	45	44	42	42	44	41	43	40	40	39	42	41	43	42	44	44	46		47	45	45	46	44	43	45	44	46	47	46	45	46	45	43	45	44	44
Consumer and durable goods producers	45	44	43	42	42	41	42	44	44	41	42	43	39	40	40	43	43	45		43	44	42	45	45	43	43	45	44	48	46	43	44	45	46	46	48	43
Chemical industry	41	46	45	43	43	43	38	37	43	44	43	47	36	38	40	36	46	43		40	42	44	38	41	39	47	45	41	44	45	43	45	38	40	41	45	42
Pharmaceutical industry	51	33	33	28	28	34	29	36	38	29	37	31	16	26	38	30	34	19		26	33	26	33	38	33	23	36	34	29	28	32	32	28	36	36	36	41
Basic metals	45	44	50	43	46	39	46	42	39	44	38	46	41	43	45	54	51	48		52	52	47	49	45	41	50	47	45	48	41	49	48	59	48	51	51	47
Metal products	48	47	50	49	50	48	51	50	48	49	48	49	48	47	47	51	50	51		54	56	57	54	53	52	53	52	50	56	52	50	55	54	50	51	51	49
Electrical engineering	47	48	44	42	45	46	45	44	42	44	39	37	43	43	43	45	46	46		50	45	46	47	45	41	44	43	44	45	46	43	48	44	43	47	43	42
Mechanical engineering	45	47	46	43	41	45	42	43	42	39	41	43	41	46	44	46	46	49		49	48	49	51	48	47	50	50	50	50	50	50	49	46	48	45	46	45
Automotive industry	48	44	48	43	44	52	42	50	47	48	43	46	50	52	48	46	45	53		50	48	45	42	50	44	44	44	48	51	48	49	50	56	44	52	46	50
Construction3	24	24	24	22	22	23	23	23	23	21	24	25	23	22	23	24	25	25		26	25	25	27	27	27	26	26	23	27	24	22	22	23	20	22	23	25
Building construction	22	24	25	22	22	22	23	24	24	20	27	28	24	22	25	25	29	25		27	28	27	28	26	28	27	27	24	28	24	20	23	22	19	22	22	27
Civil engineering	21	23	20	26	19	23	22	19	18	20	19	25	23	22	19	18	12	22		23	25	25	28	26	26	26	26	23	32	28	30	23	27	23	22	28	25
Finishing trades	25	25	23	23	22	25	25	23	24	22	22	22	24	24	24	24	27	28		26	23	23	24	29	25	25	25	24	26	23	21	20	23	21	24	24	23
Trade2	35	35	34	33	34	31	31	31	31	28	31	31	29	28	28	30	31	30		29	28	29	29	29	28	28	27	28	29	27	29	28	29	28	28	28	28
Retail trade	30	32	30	31	33	29	31	31	32	28	29	31	29	27	27	28	30	28		27	27	27	27	26	27	25	25	26	28	26	26	26	26	26	27	25	28
Wholesale trade	41	39	38	38	36	36	35	35	33	31	35	34	32	31	30	34	34	34		34	32	31	32	33	32	32	32	32	33	32	33	32	33	31	31	31	29
Services (excluding trade)6	30	30	28	29	29	29	28	28	28	27	27	29	26	27	27	28	28	29		27	27	25	26	26	25	25	26	25	26	25	25	26	26	25	25	25	25
Transport and warehousing	23	23	21	21	22	22	21	21	20	19	20	20	19	20	18	20	23	21		21	21	20	19	18	17	17	19	18	20	19	17	18	21	19	19	20	20
Hospitality	29	28	29	29	28	29	30	27	30	26	29	33	29	31	31	32	28	27		24	24	24	23	24	23	23	24	24	22	22	19	20	22	24	24	23	25
Financial and insurance services2	41	42	41	43	44	43	42	42	42	44	42	44	46	45	47	46	47	50		52	49	48	46	48	52	50	50	46	51	47	49	51	47	44	42	41	39
Banking	42	42	42	46	46	47	46	44	45	50	45	48	53	54	55	54	56	59		61	56	54	53	56	60	57	58	52	54	53	53	55	52	48	44	44	43
Insurance	67	63	62	63	58	67	57	63	54	53	60	60	50	46	55	49	47	49		43	57	53	50	45	49	47	57	46	61	50	49	57	47	46	50	45	40
Real estate	27	28	26	28	23	24	27	25	26	24	28	25	20	21	20	22	20	23		18	22	18	17	18	19	17	17	17	21	18	19	20	20	21	18	18	19
Health and social services	19	26	21	21	19	14	22	29	20	21	22	18	19	18	20	16	17	17		17	16	15	19	15	17	12	13	16	26	22	25	19	18	17	23	23	18
Information economy	32	29	29	27	28	26	24	27	25	22	22	25	20	22	20	22	22	25		21	23	22	23	22	20	23	22	19	21	23	20	22	23	20	20	24	21
Environmental protection1
All industries4	16	17	18	21	21	23	24	25	27	29	29	29	28	27	26	21	21	18		20	19	16	16	15	14	14	15	14	15	14	14	14	14	13	14	13	12
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	21	22	23	26	28	30	31	34	36	37	37	37	36	35	33	28	27	25		26	23	22	21	20	19	19	20	18	20	19	19	20	19	16	19	17	16
Intermediate goods producers	19	22	23	25	27	29	31	33	36	38	37	38	38	36	35	29	28	26		27	25	23	22	22	21	21	22	20	22	20	20	21	21	18	19	19	17
Capital goods producers	18	18	18	21	25	27	27	30	31	32	32	34	29	31	27	23	20	17		19	16	15	15	12	12	13	13	12	14	13	14	15	13	11	14	12	11
Consumer and durable goods producers	23	20	25	26	29	32	30	34	36	40	41	36	37	38	36	30	30	27		29	27	23	22	20	17	18	19	18	21	18	18	20	21	18	20	18	17
Chemical industry	26	27	34	29	33	38	41	43	47	48	46	47	42	48	42	41	40	35		32	35	33	30	28	29	31	31	28	29	30	23	28	24	21	23	26	21
Pharmaceutical industry	44	40	41	41	35	46	43	44	55	43	38	39	46	29	37	24	25	29		27	25	19	14	13	11	12	17	17	25	19	15	18	16	14	19	15	17
Basic metals	25	27	30	32	38	37	34	38	39	41	40	40	42	48	42	36	33	34		29	27	25	26	29	24	27	25	20	26	26	28	23	22	17	21	22	22
Metal products	16	17	19	22	22	24	30	31	31	31	33	34	34	29	32	23	23	17		21	18	16	16	16	15	15	16	15	18	15	17	17	16	18	16	15	12
Electrical engineering	16	18	19	18	21	23	24	25	30	31	28	30	27	26	24	19	16	18		21	14	13	15	12	11	12	13	12	13	12	10	12	13	9	13	12	11
Mechanical engineering	17	17	18	20	25	29	26	29	31	32	34	33	30	31	27	23	20	17		18	17	15	16	13	14	14	14	12	15	14	16	18	14	12	14	12	13
Automotive industry	25	26	21	25	31	38	40	42	39	47	36	45	36	46	42	31	28	29		34	22	22	15	19	15	17	18	17	16	17	20	16	14	12	21	20	16
Construction3	16	16	14	17	19	18	21	19	19	23	23	24	25	23	23	20	20	16		20	19	18	16	15	13	16	14	12	15	12	12	12	10	12	12	11	10
Building construction	16	13	13	17	18	22	23	21	20	26	27	26	29	25	25	21	24	17		22	21	15	16	14	11	15	13	11	12	12	11	11	10	12	11	11	8
Civil engineering	18	21	20	23	25	21	25	20	21	26	17	25	21	29	23	20	20	18		20	21	22	17	14	13	20	14	16	16	14	13	15	12	9	14	15	9
Finishing trades	14	15	11	15	17	14	18	18	19	22	21	22	25	20	22	19	18	15		18	18	20	16	16	16	16	14	13	16	11	12	11	9	13	13	10	13
Trade2	11	13	13	15	16	17	20	21	22	26	25	25	26	25	24	18	18	16		18	18	15	15	14	14	13	14	12	13	11	12	13	13	11	11	11	9
Retail trade	11	12	12	16	14	16	19	20	23	25	25	26	26	26	24	18	19	17		21	20	15	16	14	13	14	14	12	14	13	14	15	15	12	11	13	9
Wholesale trade	12	13	15	16	17	18	22	21	22	25	25	23	25	24	24	17	17	14		15	15	15	14	12	13	12	13	11	11	9	10	11	10	9	10	9	9
Services (excluding trade)6	15	16	17	20	19	21	22	22	24	26	26	26	24	24	23	18	18	15		17	17	14	14	13	12	12	12	12	13	12	12	11	12	12	12	12	12
Transport and warehousing	21	20	21	25	23	23	24	23	29	29	27	24	27	28	31	25	27	23		26	26	22	23	20	19	20	21	19	22	17	18	16	17	16	17	17	17
Hospitality	17	20	21	22	21	26	26	26	30	37	36	38	35	33	34	26	25	22		30	28	25	23	24	21	19	21	20	20	23	23	22	26	24	28	27	26
Financial and insurance services2	19	21	22	32	30	31	35	35	35	34	35	32	32	27	26	20	17	14		12	11	7	5	7	5	6	6	7	7	7	8	9	7	7	8	7	8
Banking	31	33	39	48	47	46	51	50	49	45	49	45	38	37	34	27	24	18		14	11	8	6	9	6	8	7	8	8	10	9	10	10	9	11	10	11
Insurance	4	18	8	15	12	18	22	22	24	31	25	26	38	20	18	17	11	12		13	17	11	4	3	8	5	9	3	4	1	6	9	2	3	3	3	3
Real estate	23	24	25	25	27	29	30	30	31	35	33	36	29	29	26	22	19	19		19	19	16	18	16	15	16	18	14	20	19	20	17	19	18	20	15	19
Health and social services	21	15	17	23	27	25	21	20	22	25	22	23	19	20	13	14	17	10		14	13	7	7	10	8	7	5	8	13	11	3	7	6	11	9	8	12
Information economy	6	8	7	9	9	9	10	13	13	15	15	15	15	16	14	9	11	7		8	9	4	5	4	3	3	4	5	6	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	3
Business risks cited by firms8
Labour costs1
All industries4	57	59	56	56	56	54	53	53	53	53	49	51	46	43	40	34	32	32	29	42	40	42	43	41	42	42	40	39	40	40	40	40	40	42	42	38	41
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	60	63	59	59	60	58	55	56	55	56	51	51	43	44	40	36	34	32	26	42	39	43	44	42	44	44	39	38	38	39	39	39	37	40	40	35	39
Intermediate goods producers	63	66	61	61	62	60	56	56	55	56	50	51	43	45	41	36	35	34	27	43	40	43	45	43	44	44	40	40	39	41	42	40	39	41	41	35	40
Capital goods producers	59	63	58	57	59	57	56	56	55	55	50	52	43	43	38	36	34	30	24	39	37	40	43	42	43	45	38	36	36	38	38	38	36	39	39	33	37
Consumer and durable goods producers	61	63	61	61	60	59	57	59	58	59	55	56	48	46	43	36	35	35	30	45	42	46	45	44	46	46	43	42	43	39	39	40	40	41	41	40	42
Chemical industry	48	55	48	55	55	48	45	47	48	49	50	44	30	37	32	28	24	26	18	36	35	32	27	29	26	30	24	25	27	29	24	31	25	29	31	28	31
Pharmaceutical industry	48	49	47	50	44	53	44	59	57	42	46	52	46	44	38	37	33	26	33	42	43	32	38	32	31	34	36	25	30	30	33	32	31	37	28	37	41
Basic metals	68	68	62	67	65	62	62	59	62	60	52	47	46	43	43	44	41	38	33	51	45	45	53	50	49	51	40	41	42	42	53	41	40	42	46	35	37
Metal products	67	67	64	65	66	66	59	62	62	61	55	56	50	51	45	41	39	36	30	44	44	47	50	48	51	50	46	45	44	47	48	45	45	49	47	40	48
Electrical engineering	58	61	59	52	57	57	56	53	51	54	48	51	43	41	38	34	32	32	24	37	35	39	39	40	43	43	38	38	38	39	39	37	36	40	38	32	36
Mechanical engineering	58	63	56	56	61	54	56	55	55	53	50	50	40	39	38	35	33	28	21	39	35	40	44	41	42	46	37	34	34	36	36	37	33	36	37	33	34
Automotive industry	70	72	61	67	64	67	62	65	60	65	60	64	50	46	39	46	43	36	31	48	46	49	46	48	53	52	37	47	43	46	46	44	44	45	49	33	46
Construction3	59	60	57	58	54	54	54	54	52	53	50	54	50	48	44	41	38	37	41	46	48	48	49	48	47	48	45	44	46	45	47	45	47	47	47	44	49
Building construction	57	62	57	53	51	52	49	51	46	48	47	49	46	48	44	38	36	36	41	47	49	51	50	47	47	47	44	43	45	44	46	44	48	44	44	43	47
Civil engineering	65	61	61	60	57	59	59	54	58	55	49	54	54	46	41	44	39	34	34	39	42	45	46	48	45	45	41	48	43	40	54	43	46	40	45	42	52
Finishing trades	63	62	61	61	56	56	57	56	55	56	51	59	55	48	44	42	41	41	43	48	48	47	48	50	46	49	48	44	45	47	47	46	48	51	51	46	52
Trade2	56	58	55	55	57	52	52	53	51	51	46	49	44	41	37	29	30	31	27	39	39	40	39	38	38	39	37	36	37	37	36	36	37	38	40	37	37
Retail trade	60	61	58	59	59	54	56	57	54	54	51	54	49	44	40	31	32	34	31	43	42	43	43	41	41	42	42	38	41	42	40	41	44	43	45	42	43
Wholesale trade	53	56	52	52	55	51	49	50	49	48	42	46	39	38	35	27	26	28	22	37	36	36	36	36	34	35	33	32	31	31	32	30	30	32	33	32	32
Services (excluding trade)6	56	57	54	55	54	53	52	52	52	52	48	50	47	43	40	33	31	32	29	42	41	42	43	41	42	42	41	40	41	40	40	41	42	44	43	40	42
Transport and warehousing	63	70	66	65	63	61	63	61	61	61	56	62	57	54	51	43	40	41	36	51	49	50	50	48	49	52	48	49	48	47	46	47	49	53	53	49	52
Hospitality	75	79	75	77	73	74	67	71	67	68	64	63	67	59	51	38	41	46	47	62	59	58	63	60	60	61	60	60	62	61	61	62	63	64	65	56	57
Financial and insurance services2	41	40	39	35	35	35	32	34	33	36	32	32	29	27	27	21	21	23	17	25	26	27	26	25	27	28	29	24	29	28	30	30	30	29	29	25	28
Banking	39	33	32	33	34	35	33	31	32	36	32	29	28	25	27	23	20	25	14	26	26	28	28	27	30	29	29	26	29	29	33	33	33	31	32	26	31
Insurance	44	52	39	35	46	34	29	37	35	38	34	32	32	30	30	15	15	15	6	23	20	20	18	23	18	27	26	19	32	27	23	26	25	25	19	26	26
Real estate	44	44	41	41	40	41	41	38	35	37	34	35	38	32	31	26	23	25	19	31	30	33	31	31	32	28	27	28	25	25	28	26	25	26	27	22	25
Health and social services	61	53	51	62	64	51	60	61	60	60	53	62	55	43	40	37	38	37	36	45	43	46	49	43	47	40	43	43	47	40	44	45	48	50	56	51	57
Information economy	48	49	45	45	49	46	46	49	50	46	43	46	41	38	33	28	28	26	23	37	36	37	41	37	37	38	36	35	36	34	34	36	35	37	36	34	38
Foreign demand1
All industries4	18	17	18	19	17	18	16	15	16	13	14	15	16	13	13	18	23	27	30	17	19	17	15	13	13	11	13	16	16	17	18	18	18	16	18	19	16
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	34	35	36	37	34	37	32	31	33	25	26	28	26	19	21	29	39	49	54	36	39	34	30	26	24	22	26	30	31	35	35	36	39	31	37	39	30
Intermediate goods producers	36	37	38	39	38	40	34	33	36	27	27	31	28	18	20	27	38	50	58	38	43	37	31	26	24	20	26	30	31	36	37	37	41	30	38	40	30
Capital goods producers	42	42	46	46	42	45	39	37	38	29	30	31	31	25	27	37	50	61	64	45	48	41	38	33	30	28	34	39	43	45	44	47	49	42	47	49	39
Consumer and durable goods producers	28	25	27	28	24	27	23	24	23	21	22	24	24	16	19	26	33	37	40	24	26	24	21	21	20	18	19	22	23	26	23	24	27	23	29	30	23
Chemical industry	40	41	41	41	39	43	35	36	44	40	40	41	38	24	26	32	49	59	63	42	46	45	38	37	31	27	41	37	40	48	48	45	51	37	48	51	44
Pharmaceutical industry	33	23	39	32	28	34	40	39	27	20	28	32	30	34	37	38	36	53	51	40	42	41	32	31	30	35	31	35	44	39	36	32	33	38	37	34	26
Basic metals	35	38	42	43	46	43	40	34	38	26	25	28	25	17	17	26	38	53	59	43	45	46	31	25	26	23	28	33	38	41	46	46	49	31	48	41	31
Metal products	39	38	39	40	39	39	33	33	37	25	25	30	29	18	19	28	39	51	59	40	45	37	31	23	22	20	23	30	31	34	36	38	41	31	37	40	29
Electrical engineering	43	42	48	48	44	48	40	39	42	32	28	32	32	27	28	35	51	65	60	45	50	43	41	37	33	29	34	39	40	46	45	48	51	39	43	50	40
Mechanical engineering	47	49	50	50	45	46	43	39	42	31	33	35	32	25	28	40	55	66	70	52	54	47	42	36	34	31	39	43	47	50	48	51	54	46	51	54	43
Automotive industry	48	44	59	50	53	66	48	46	39	31	32	37	35	32	32	39	46	57	70	46	50	42	35	29	24	26	30	34	41	46	51	54	55	45	50	48	40
Construction3	2	2	3	2	2	2	2	1	2	1	1	2	2	1	2	2	3	3	5	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	3	3	3	4	3	4	4
Building construction	0	1	1	2	2	1	1	2	2	1	1	2	1	0	1	2	2	3	4	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	2	3	2	3	3	3	3	3
Civil engineering	2	3	3	2	2	1	1	0	2	0	1	1	1	3	2	3	2	2	2	1	4	2	2	3	3	1	3	2	1	0	1	1	2	3	5	6	4
Finishing trades	3	3	3	2	3	4	3	1	2	2	2	3	3	2	2	3	3	4	7	5	4	3	2	3	3	2	3	4	4	4	4	5	3	6	4	5	4
Trade2	14	13	14	14	12	14	12	11	12	11	11	12	12	9	9	12	16	19	24	13	14	12	11	11	10	9	11	12	11	12	12	12	12	12	13	14	11
Retail trade	6	6	6	6	5	6	5	5	5	4	4	5	6	4	5	6	8	9	11	6	6	6	5	5	5	4	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	6	6	5
Wholesale trade	23	21	22	23	20	23	20	19	20	18	18	20	19	14	15	20	25	30	37	21	22	20	17	17	15	15	17	19	17	20	18	19	20	18	21	23	18
Services (excluding trade)6	13	12	12	13	12	11	10	10	10	9	10	11	13	12	11	17	18	22	24	11	12	12	9	8	9	7	9	11	11	12	12	12	12	10	12	13	11
Transport and warehousing	18	19	20	23	20	21	19	19	19	16	15	16	17	12	12	21	24	29	37	20	21	20	15	12	14	8	12	17	17	17	20	18	20	17	20	21	18
Hospitality	18	16	15	16	13	12	11	10	10	10	14	13	22	26	22	32	36	39	50	10	10	10	7	7	7	10	9	12	14	14	14	14	10	10	12	12	10
Financial and insurance services2	7	6	7	9	7	7	6	5	6	3	5	6	7	4	6	6	8	11	12	9	9	8	7	7	7	4	4	6	5	6	7	8	9	7	9	10	8
Banking	8	7	8	10	9	9	6	6	5	4	5	8	8	5	6	6	9	15	15	10	10	9	8	9	7	5	4	7	5	6	7	9	10	6	11	11	8
Insurance	2	3	5	4	2	2	1	1	6	3	1	1	5	6	4	5	8	9	11	7	10	7	6	3	6	3	7	6	9	7	8	8	8	13	6	8	8
Real estate	5	5	5	6	4	5	4	4	3	5	3	3	3	2	2	6	7	8	10	4	6	5	3	2	4	3	4	3	3	4	3	3	4	5	3	5	2
Health and social services	3	3	4	1	2	2	1	2	2	2	1	5	3	3	2	5	4	5	4	3	3	2	3	3	2	3	2	2	3	2	2	3	3	2	3	5	2
Information economy	10	12	14	14	11	11	10	11	11	9	10	10	12	9	9	13	15	17	18	12	12	12	11	9	8	9	9	11	11	12	12	11	13	10	14	13	11
Energy and raw material prices1
All industries4	70	48	49	49	55	49	54	60	61	65	72	82	78	64	58	42	30	20	15	35	32	32	36	34	30	32	30	31	32	25	24	24	26	31	27	38	44
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	81	59	57	59	66	58	63	70	71	76	85	93	93	85	81	66	45	30	22	47	44	46	51	50	47	50	47	48	47	37	35	34	37	42	38	51	58
Intermediate goods producers	86	64	64	65	71	63	67	74	76	79	88	95	95	90	87	76	56	35	25	54	50	53	58	60	57	60	55	59	55	43	40	39	42	49	45	58	68
Capital goods producers	73	49	45	48	56	50	53	61	62	70	80	90	90	80	74	56	29	17	13	31	28	31	34	33	32	33	30	31	30	22	20	20	20	27	24	32	41
Consumer and durable goods producers	81	60	61	60	67	59	66	74	73	79	86	93	92	84	79	60	44	34	25	52	50	52	54	53	45	50	50	48	48	41	40	39	45	47	43	58	61
Chemical industry	90	65	65	70	72	65	74	78	74	82	91	96	94	90	89	77	60	40	31	61	61	59	67	68	67	68	66	68	63	49	45	40	48	56	49	64	73
Pharmaceutical industry	62	62	59	53	56	50	62	71	75	84	86	93	95	77	74	47	44	31	37	41	40	42	34	29	33	45	35	33	32	32	24	31	28	38	32	44	50
Basic metals	88	72	67	76	78	66	79	77	79	83	89	96	96	93	93	79	65	41	30	62	54	61	61	69	63	65	61	71	69	52	42	45	43	51	55	63	80
Metal products	83	61	59	60	69	59	65	72	75	79	86	95	93	90	85	72	49	27	18	46	42	43	48	48	50	53	48	50	51	34	31	29	31	38	36	50	60
Electrical engineering	70	42	41	44	51	45	48	56	56	66	76	86	88	77	72	54	27	16	10	26	25	29	32	33	33	32	30	32	30	23	22	23	24	30	25	35	44
Mechanical engineering	72	49	43	46	56	49	49	61	62	69	80	90	90	81	76	56	29	15	12	29	26	29	33	34	32	35	29	33	28	20	18	20	18	27	24	30	38
Automotive industry	82	65	66	64	72	66	71	80	76	79	93	95	97	90	86	69	44	26	14	50	41	45	43	47	46	45	42	39	41	27	24	26	23	29	33	39	51
Construction3	82	52	54	56	57	51	59	68	66	72	79	90	91	78	74	62	35	25	21	45	41	40	45	42	34	36	33	33	32	23	23	21	26	29	27	39	45
Building construction	85	53	54	56	54	50	59	68	65	73	79	91	91	79	78	65	36	25	26	42	42	42	45	41	31	36	34	31	30	22	22	17	24	29	27	37	43
Civil engineering	84	55	56	58	56	52	61	71	71	77	86	92	94	78	73	59	35	24	11	52	47	47	52	52	41	42	34	42	36	27	20	26	28	34	29	40	48
Finishing trades	80	52	53	54	58	50	56	66	64	69	76	86	89	76	69	60	31	23	19	42	36	33	42	38	34	34	32	34	31	23	24	22	27	28	25	39	47
Trade2	73	48	48	50	56	49	55	61	62	66	75	85	82	69	62	40	28	20	14	35	30	29	33	32	28	31	28	30	31	24	24	25	28	31	27	40	45
Retail trade	71	48	49	49	54	49	55	62	63	67	73	85	79	64	55	33	25	19	13	33	28	26	30	27	24	27	25	25	29	23	23	24	26	29	27	40	45
Wholesale trade	75	48	47	50	56	49	53	60	61	64	74	85	84	73	69	48	32	21	15	36	33	32	38	38	33	35	32	35	34	27	25	27	30	32	27	39	45
Services (excluding trade)6	63	42	44	44	49	44	49	54	55	58	64	74	68	51	43	28	23	15	11	29	25	25	28	26	22	23	22	23	24	19	18	18	21	25	21	32	37
Transport and warehousing	89	63	63	61	70	58	69	77	78	76	83	90	91	79	72	56	48	24	17	56	49	48	57	56	43	48	40	46	51	35	34	32	35	47	33	53	65
Hospitality	85	71	75	76	79	73	77	82	82	84	87	94	91	73	63	37	35	27	24	50	45	41	48	42	37	40	39	39	40	32	29	33	37	42	42	62	68
Financial and insurance services2	41	20	24	20	22	20	23	29	29	35	46	62	48	25	17	8	7	4	3	7	5	6	6	5	4	4	4	4	6	3	4	4	5	6	5	8	9
Banking	41	13	19	16	20	18	22	27	30	36	52	68	52	23	16	6	4	3	2	5	3	4	4	4	2	2	2	2	4	3	4	3	4	5	4	8	10
Insurance	24	17	18	14	16	11	11	21	17	27	33	49	36	15	12	5	4	1	0	9	4	5	2	2	3	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	4	6	5	4	2
Real estate	67	48	50	50	53	50	54	58	58	64	67	77	71	54	48	34	26	22	12	30	26	26	26	27	22	24	24	23	27	22	24	22	26	27	26	34	38
Health and social services	59	36	31	38	43	39	46	49	44	57	61	76	62	38	24	12	15	6	7	18	13	9	12	10	10	11	13	10	13	10	10	12	15	14	17	27	32
Information economy	37	23	22	21	29	23	28	30	33	37	45	57	46	31	24	12	9	7	4	11	9	10	11	11	8	9	9	9	9	9	7	8	8	10	9	14	15
Shortage of skilled workers1
All industries4	36	40	44	45	46	51	54	56	58	62	60	56	56	61	59	43	38	37	26	55	56	59	61	62	61	60	56	51	48	48	43	43	42	39	38	38	38
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	32	35	39	39	40	46	51	54	57	63	61	54	52	59	56	39	34	30	21	46	48	55	58	61	60	60	54	46	41	40	36	35	34	32	31	30	31
Intermediate goods producers	31	33	38	38	37	42	49	51	54	61	59	52	52	60	55	40	33	29	20	43	45	54	57	62	61	61	56	45	40	40	35	35	33	32	29	29	30
Capital goods producers	33	35	40	41	42	49	55	60	63	70	68	63	55	64	59	41	34	29	22	49	51	58	62	66	64	64	58	49	45	43	39	38	38	37	36	36	38
Consumer and durable goods producers	24	33	33	34	37	43	47	47	54	56	53	46	44	51	48	33	30	29	20	45	47	50	53	52	52	51	46	41	38	37	32	33	29	27	27	25	26
Chemical industry	22	26	23	36	33	37	46	43	44	47	45	40	41	42	41	28	24	22	14	35	36	42	42	49	44	45	40	28	25	25	21	28	23	23	20	18	21
Pharmaceutical industry	28	36	44	41	42	46	57	54	60	58	48	39	55	49	48	26	29	31	42	47	47	42	49	49	51	43	36	27	23	33	25	28	29	20	30	32	25
Basic metals	32	35	39	32	33	44	49	50	53	68	64	56	50	57	56	42	24	22	10	30	41	48	55	60	56	61	53	38	32	33	28	30	26	26	25	30	22
Metal products	35	35	42	41	39	46	51	57	61	68	65	55	56	64	59	43	35	30	23	46	49	58	62	67	67	67	60	51	46	44	40	42	39	39	35	35	38
Electrical engineering	30	32	37	35	41	46	49	59	59	66	65	62	55	63	57	39	33	28	25	45	45	55	58	63	58	58	54	45	41	43	36	35	34	31	31	30	34
Mechanical engineering	30	33	38	40	42	49	55	59	63	70	68	63	53	63	59	38	30	25	18	46	50	58	62	68	66	66	59	48	43	41	38	36	37	37	35	35	37
Automotive industry	27	27	28	38	30	34	49	50	62	67	64	61	52	61	49	39	34	27	10	43	38	47	49	55	62	53	54	42	41	38	35	34	33	32	33	28	31
Construction3	54	60	59	64	59	65	64	62	64	70	72	70	71	78	80	67	67	69	54	77	79	79	81	82	82	79	77	74	70	69	61	59	59	56	54	53	52
Building construction	53	62	61	56	51	58	55	54	57	62	64	65	67	78	79	66	68	66	53	76	77	78	80	80	80	74	74	69	65	64	56	55	53	52	49	48	49
Civil engineering	58	72	69	69	71	74	75	71	77	76	77	77	73	78	83	66	68	66	66	78	81	82	85	83	82	85	84	81	74	74	62	60	64	57	54	54	49
Finishing trades	61	63	65	72	64	71	71	70	70	78	78	74	76	80	81	69	69	74	51	80	82	81	81	83	84	83	80	77	74	73	66	65	65	62	59	59	57
Trade2	31	37	41	40	42	46	48	49	50	53	52	48	47	52	52	35	32	34	22	49	50	52	54	54	54	52	48	42	41	41	37	37	35	30	31	31	30
Retail trade	34	39	44	40	42	46	48	47	49	52	51	47	48	52	53	35	33	38	23	52	53	51	53	53	53	51	49	43	42	43	39	40	37	33	34	34	31
Wholesale trade	29	35	39	38	40	44	45	50	49	53	52	49	45	52	51	34	31	31	21	44	47	51	54	54	53	50	46	41	38	37	34	32	31	27	28	27	28
Services (excluding trade)6	37	42	46	47	49	53	56	58	60	62	61	58	59	62	60	44	39	39	27	58	59	62	63	63	61	60	57	54	51	51	47	47	46	44	42	43	42
Transport and warehousing	47	54	60	58	58	64	62	65	67	72	72	72	69	73	72	52	46	45	30	67	69	69	74	77	72	75	71	63	61	65	54	58	56	49	49	49	45
Hospitality	37	45	49	46	52	56	58	62	66	67	66	63	63	67	75	46	37	40	14	71	71	74	74	75	74	72	74	70	70	71	68	65	64	59	61	62	56
Financial and insurance services2	44	50	51	59	59	62	65	68	66	67	65	57	55	58	51	39	38	36	29	49	48	53	50	48	43	39	36	32	27	27	26	27	25	27	29	28	29
Banking	54	64	66	66	75	74	77	80	79	79	75	66	60	64	54	41	42	39	29	53	49	54	50	47	41	37	32	28	22	21	21	22	24	26	28	26	26
Insurance	65	64	67	75	78	77	78	76	84	87	78	64	67	70	58	55	41	45	43	51	52	54	57	50	46	50	46	38	35	38	39	35	26	29	33	34	37
Real estate	33	37	39	39	42	45	46	42	44	47	45	43	46	50	44	37	36	37	28	47	45	51	47	48	49	48	41	35	33	34	33	31	33	27	27	25	26
Health and social services	62	63	68	68	77	78	83	81	87	82	79	80	85	81	83	70	73	75	70	86	83	84	84	85	84	79	80	77	82	76	69	69	73	63	58	59	64
Information economy	24	25	28	33	35	41	47	50	52	57	54	50	54	58	53	44	39	37	27	54	54	57	59	58	60	58	52	49	47	47	41	40	41	40	39	36	42
Financing1
All industries4	15	15	14	15	14	14	14	16	17	15	13	14	10	8	8	11	12	12	20	9	9	9	9	9	10	10	10	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	12	12	13
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	12	12	11	11	12	12	12	13	15	13	11	11	8	7	7	8	9	10	18	8	7	8	8	8	8	8	8	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	11
Intermediate goods producers	11	12	10	11	11	10	11	11	14	12	11	11	8	7	6	7	8	10	18	7	7	7	7	7	7	8	7	7	8	8	7	8	9	8	9	8	10
Capital goods producers	11	10	11	8	11	11	11	12	13	11	11	11	8	7	7	8	10	11	18	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	9	9	10	10	10	10	8	9	9	10	11
Consumer and durable goods producers	11	12	12	12	12	11	13	15	15	14	13	11	9	7	7	10	10	11	22	9	9	9	9	10	9	9	9	11	9	9	10	9	11	11	12	10	12
Chemical industry	6	10	5	10	10	10	10	9	14	14	13	10	8	6	6	7	6	9	11	7	8	8	7	7	6	8	7	6	8	7	3	4	7	7	8	7	7
Pharmaceutical industry	3	6	13	4	7	4	6	10	10	13	7	8	5	6	6	9	7	9	16	11	16	6	6	9	7	3	2	7	8	5	10	4	13	5	6	6	8
Basic metals	12	15	8	11	14	12	10	10	11	9	11	11	10	7	6	11	12	12	32	10	10	7	7	10	10	10	9	7	10	10	8	9	10	9	8	10	10
Metal products	13	12	11	10	11	11	11	12	14	13	11	10	8	8	7	8	9	10	19	8	8	7	8	8	7	8	9	9	8	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	12
Electrical engineering	9	10	8	9	9	9	9	11	14	9	11	12	8	7	6	8	9	10	17	7	6	7	6	7	7	7	8	8	7	9	9	8	9	8	9	8	9
Mechanical engineering	11	10	11	8	11	10	10	13	13	11	10	11	8	7	7	7	10	11	18	7	7	9	8	7	8	8	9	9	10	10	10	11	8	9	9	9	12
Automotive industry	14	17	11	13	17	18	19	17	15	17	14	14	16	11	10	9	14	15	24	12	17	10	11	11	9	14	13	10	11	9	11	11	8	6	7	14	11
Construction3	20	19	20	20	17	18	22	22	25	21	19	19	11	7	7	6	8	10	13	7	8	8	9	9	11	10	11	12	12	13	12	13	12	14	14	15	16
Building construction	23	18	19	31	25	25	33	32	35	33	28	27	16	8	8	7	11	13	16	9	10	10	12	11	14	13	13	16	15	16	13	15	14	15	17	15	16
Civil engineering	9	8	9	10	6	8	12	12	17	9	9	9	5	5	3	5	5	7	5	3	4	4	5	5	8	7	6	8	7	9	12	12	10	9	10	12	16
Finishing trades	12	11	14	12	9	14	15	14	16	13	12	15	8	7	6	6	7	7	14	6	7	7	6	7	9	9	10	9	11	9	11	10	11	14	13	15	15
Trade2	13	13	13	13	13	13	14	15	16	15	12	13	8	7	7	9	11	10	20	8	8	9	7	8	9	9	9	10	10	9	10	10	10	10	11	12	14
Retail trade	13	13	13	12	12	11	12	13	14	13	12	12	7	7	6	11	13	10	21	8	8	9	8	9	9	10	10	10	10	9	10	11	10	11	11	13	14
Wholesale trade	14	14	13	13	13	13	13	14	16	15	11	13	8	7	8	7	9	9	18	7	7	9	6	8	8	8	8	9	9	9	10	9	9	8	10	10	13
Services (excluding trade)6	16	16	15	16	15	15	15	17	17	16	14	14	12	10	10	13	15	14	22	9	10	10	10	10	11	11	11	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	13	13	14
Transport and warehousing	17	17	16	18	16	16	18	18	21	21	15	16	11	8	9	12	11	11	21	8	8	10	8	7	10	9	9	10	9	10	11	12	11	11	12	13	15
Hospitality	17	18	15	18	15	15	13	16	15	14	12	9	12	12	11	21	25	18	39	10	10	10	10	10	11	9	11	12	13	13	13	11	14	15	14	14	16
Financial and insurance services2	13	12	11	12	10	10	13	13	18	17	14	17	10	8	7	8	9	11	14	8	11	7	8	8	9	10	11	12	11	12	11	10	9	9	10	10	9
Banking	11	8	8	8	10	10	12	14	18	19	15	19	9	8	6	8	9	9	14	8	11	6	6	7	7	10	11	12	10	12	11	9	8	9	10	10	8
Insurance	1	8	4	6	4	5	6	8	10	7	5	4	9	4	2	2	5	7	3	2	9	7	5	7	10	7	9	13	10	7	12	9	11	7	8	7	8
Real estate	39	38	36	37	34	35	36	38	41	39	38	37	25	17	14	18	17	19	25	16	15	16	19	19	21	20	23	24	24	21	20	17	19	18	18	18	23
Health and social services	23	25	23	23	23	22	18	30	23	22	19	25	15	15	15	18	21	17	28	21	23	21	20	20	22	20	20	18	22	21	16	19	22	19	23	22	17
Information economy	10	11	11	12	12	11	11	11	13	13	10	10	8	8	10	10	12	12	21	10	11	10	11	10	10	9	12	11	12	11	12	13	12	11	14	15	13
Domestic demand1
All industries4	56	59	58	57	59	59	55	55	53	46	48	52	41	37	36	48	57	60	68	45	46	42	38	34	34	33	37	38	40	43	45	45	45	44	48	48	43
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	62	67	68	65	70	71	66	65	64	50	51	56	40	35	36	49	61	68	74	57	57	49	44	37	34	34	39	41	44	49	50	48	50	48	52	53	43
Intermediate goods producers	65	71	72	69	75	77	72	71	70	54	54	58	42	33	34	44	61	71	74	61	61	52	45	36	33	32	39	39	44	49	51	48	52	47	53	56	41
Capital goods producers	60	67	67	64	71	69	64	61	58	43	45	49	35	33	36	50	62	70	75	58	57	49	43	35	32	34	37	40	44	50	51	48	47	48	50	51	44
Consumer and durable goods producers	68	67	70	66	67	72	65	65	65	58	60	65	49	47	46	61	65	67	74	52	54	50	51	47	46	45	46	51	50	52	55	51	53	54	54	56	49
Chemical industry	58	70	68	63	63	70	61	63	65	54	55	61	40	32	33	45	56	62	69	50	54	45	39	34	30	31	39	38	40	49	45	44	46	42	45	48	40
Pharmaceutical industry	49	38	56	37	30	36	53	40	41	41	49	45	30	35	38	43	50	51	51	42	35	32	34	39	31	31	39	29	28	31	38	41	36	36	36	38	36
Basic metals	62	75	75	70	79	80	77	73	68	47	41	51	39	30	31	42	66	75	85	69	66	59	45	36	28	30	44	41	45	49	53	56	60	48	56	60	40
Metal products	68	73	73	70	76	77	72	69	67	50	52	60	41	35	37	48	64	74	78	67	64	53	44	36	33	33	37	38	46	49	50	49	50	50	54	55	42
Electrical engineering	62	65	69	63	69	70	64	61	64	42	44	49	37	35	33	47	62	71	74	61	59	52	47	37	35	33	37	43	44	51	51	47	50	47	52	54	46
Mechanical engineering	62	70	70	66	74	72	67	63	59	43	43	47	35	32	34	50	64	71	77	61	60	51	43	35	30	32	37	38	46	52	51	47	48	49	50	50	43
Automotive industry	57	66	71	67	78	78	63	70	60	42	49	58	41	42	42	49	57	77	81	60	60	55	45	30	31	37	36	37	40	45	53	47	47	48	53	51	40
Construction3	50	55	52	52	58	56	54	55	58	47	50	53	37	27	29	41	50	51	55	33	32	27	25	22	21	23	27	27	34	36	39	42	42	43	49	47	39
Building construction	55	61	62	60	64	61	62	63	64	57	60	59	40	27	30	42	51	53	55	33	34	30	28	24	23	25	32	30	38	39	37	41	45	45	51	49	41
Civil engineering	47	53	51	42	56	54	50	48	51	40	50	47	41	30	40	49	54	56	52	41	36	32	23	25	20	21	32	27	36	45	50	48	46	50	56	52	40
Finishing trades	45	53	46	49	53	54	49	50	53	40	42	49	34	27	25	39	50	50	58	30	28	23	24	19	20	23	21	25	33	32	41	42	40	41	47	46	37
Trade2	68	69	67	68	68	70	65	65	65	60	60	65	53	48	46	58	65	67	73	55	56	52	50	46	48	46	49	51	52	54	57	55	56	56	61	61	57
Retail trade	65	65	64	65	64	65	61	62	61	58	59	62	56	50	46	56	63	64	71	52	53	53	51	48	50	48	50	53	52	54	56	56	56	58	61	59	58
Wholesale trade	73	75	72	73	74	76	70	68	68	63	62	67	50	46	45	56	66	70	73	57	58	51	49	45	45	43	48	49	50	54	56	53	55	53	60	61	55
Services (excluding trade)6	51	52	50	50	51	49	47	47	45	40	43	47	38	36	35	46	53	55	65	38	40	37	34	30	31	30	33	35	36	38	39	40	39	39	42	42	40
Transport and warehousing	43	49	45	48	50	50	47	48	46	41	41	43	31	27	28	42	50	54	67	34	37	32	24	19	24	20	24	28	29	31	35	36	32	34	37	35	35
Hospitality	46	47	43	46	42	42	38	38	32	27	32	37	33	33	23	38	44	44	60	24	24	22	21	15	17	17	16	20	19	20	22	23	22	22	22	24	28
Financial and insurance services2	46	45	45	42	47	48	44	43	46	46	47	50	39	33	33	44	51	53	68	37	37	40	37	34	35	34	36	35	33	36	38	38	36	39	41	43	43
Banking	41	42	41	37	42	43	45	41	45	43	44	46	34	27	28	38	47	47	66	31	32	36	34	28	31	30	29	30	25	28	29	29	27	29	34	39	36
Insurance	56	56	45	48	34	49	44	47	49	57	61	60	49	43	44	56	67	68	78	39	49	56	59	53	49	53	53	51	56	63	64	56	55	61	57	63	58
Real estate	43	40	40	40	38	37	36	39	36	34	39	39	27	26	27	35	43	41	49	29	30	31	29	28	26	28	34	36	33	32	34	31	30	37	36	38	38
Health and social services	15	19	16	19	19	17	13	15	15	15	15	19	18	20	20	27	29	21	29	11	13	10	15	12	13	16	16	17	14	15	20	21	18	21	18	21	20
Information economy	71	68	72	68	70	70	65	63	61	53	56	62	55	49	51	61	69	71	76	54	57	53	48	47	46	47	49	54	55	57	58	60	61	58	62	59	55
Exchange rates1
All industries4	3	3	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	6	4	3	2	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	5	6	5	5	7	6	8	6	7	8	9	12	7	5	6
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	5	5	6	5	3	2	2	2	3	4	5	8	5	4	4	5	6	6	4	5	7	7	9	11	11	11	15	12	14	12	13	16	17	21	14	9	12
Intermediate goods producers	5	4	5	4	3	2	2	2	3	3	4	8	4	3	3	4	5	5	4	5	6	6	8	10	10	10	13	11	13	11	12	15	17	21	14	9	10
Capital goods producers	6	7	9	7	3	4	3	3	4	4	6	9	6	4	4	7	7	8	5	6	8	8	11	14	14	13	18	14	15	14	14	17	20	24	16	10	16
Consumer and durable goods producers	6	5	6	6	5	3	3	3	5	5	6	10	7	6	5	4	6	7	4	6	9	9	10	11	11	11	15	14	16	14	15	18	18	23	14	10	11
Chemical industry	6	10	13	10	5	3	5	3	3	4	6	11	5	6	4	8	10	10	6	5	7	12	13	19	19	18	22	20	20	16	20	26	24	32	21	14	19
Pharmaceutical industry	14	14	13	17	13	5	5	12	8	13	9	14	15	13	9	8	9	19	4	18	18	17	10	21	15	21	27	18	25	22	13	21	19	19	16	14	14
Basic metals	7	2	2	3	1	0	2	2	2	2	3	6	4	3	3	3	3	2	3	4	4	5	8	8	12	8	12	9	10	9	12	11	13	19	7	10	11
Metal products	3	3	3	3	2	1	2	1	2	2	3	6	3	3	3	3	3	3	5	3	4	5	6	7	7	7	10	8	10	8	9	11	13	16	12	7	8
Electrical engineering	9	8	10	8	6	3	4	6	5	8	9	17	7	6	5	7	10	10	5	8	11	9	13	16	16	16	22	18	21	17	20	25	26	34	21	14	18
Mechanical engineering	7	8	9	7	2	4	2	2	3	3	5	7	5	4	4	6	7	7	4	5	7	8	10	13	13	12	18	13	14	14	14	16	20	23	16	9	16
Automotive industry	4	5	6	7	7	6	5	3	8	6	9	14	10	4	4	10	7	10	15	13	12	13	15	20	19	19	26	18	17	14	16	23	26	29	15	13	19
Construction3	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	2	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1
Building construction	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	2	2	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	1
Civil engineering	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	3	2	1	1
Finishing trades	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1
Trade2	4	4	4	5	5	3	4	4	4	5	6	11	7	6	5	5	5	4	5	6	6	7	7	8	8	7	9	10	12	10	10	13	14	19	10	7	7
Retail trade	3	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	2	3	6	3	2	3	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	5	5	6	5	6	7	8	12	4	2	3
Wholesale trade	6	5	6	7	8	5	6	6	7	8	10	17	12	9	7	8	8	7	8	10	11	12	12	13	12	13	14	16	18	16	16	20	21	27	17	13	11
Services (excluding trade)6	2	2	2	2	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	4	2	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	3	2	2	3	3	5	3	3	4	5	6	4	3	3
Transport and warehousing	2	2	3	2	2	1	1	1	1	2	2	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	2	3	3	6	3	3	5	5	7	4	3	3
Hospitality	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	3	2	1	2	2	3	2	1	0
Financial and insurance services2	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	3	4	2	1	1	1	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	2	3	2	3	2	2	3	3	6	3	2	2
Banking	1	1	1	2	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	3	4	1	1	0	1	2	2	1	2	1	1	2	3	1	3	2	3	2	2	4	3	5	3	3	2
Insurance	2	2	2	3	2	1	1	0	0	1	3	6	7	3	5	5	2	1	6	5	6	4	5	2	4	5	6	4	4	2	3	3	3	7	2	2	3
Real estate	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	2	2	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	2	3	3	1	1	2
Health and social services	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	2	1	0	2	0	1	0	1	1	0	1	2	2	2	1	1	2	2	3	1	1	1	1	3	2
Information economy	3	2	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	3	4	5	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	4	5	4	4	4	5	6	5	5	7	7	10	5	4	4
Economic policy framework1
All industries4	58	58	57	59	60	57	54	57	51	43	41	46	44	39	43	49	47	44	55	46	45	40	41	39	37	38	38	41	43	38	43	44	41	42	44	43	40
Manufacturing (excluding construction)10	60	61	60	62	63	60	56	58	51	42	40	45	43	34	40	43	42	40	49	48	47	40	42	39	36	34	35	41	43	36	41	41	38	39	43	41	39
Intermediate goods producers	59	60	59	61	63	61	57	60	53	43	40	46	43	33	40	41	41	38	48	48	46	39	40	37	33	33	32	39	42	33	41	40	35	39	42	40	37
Capital goods producers	62	62	61	63	66	61	56	56	50	41	40	45	45	35	40	45	43	42	49	53	52	45	45	43	40	36	39	47	46	39	42	43	42	40	44	46	41
Consumer and durable goods producers	59	58	55	60	59	55	53	55	48	40	37	42	40	32	40	43	42	39	49	41	39	33	37	33	32	30	28	34	38	33	36	36	36	34	39	34	35
Chemical industry	64	62	64	62	60	61	57	55	56	39	45	43	48	33	38	42	42	41	58	47	48	41	46	43	38	33	32	38	45	35	43	43	38	37	36	40	37
Pharmaceutical industry	71	68	56	65	58	58	53	51	58	52	40	37	52	34	44	51	38	42	63	58	52	47	54	56	54	40	49	53	53	44	55	52	59	42	56	58	49
Basic metals	61	61	63	56	69	60	59	58	57	41	40	44	42	33	37	44	41	34	45	53	49	44	43	41	43	42	31	44	50	39	50	47	35	40	49	45	39
Metal products	59	61	56	62	62	61	57	59	53	42	39	45	41	33	40	42	39	39	48	50	47	39	40	39	32	31	33	39	41	31	40	38	36	40	42	41	36
Electrical engineering	59	61	61	63	64	57	53	55	46	42	40	47	41	33	40	44	43	42	51	49	50	42	43	41	37	37	37	43	45	36	41	38	37	40	43	41	39
Mechanical engineering	65	63	63	65	66	63	57	58	51	41	41	45	46	35	41	44	44	44	46	56	55	47	47	45	42	36	40	49	46	40	41	44	42	38	45	47	43
Automotive industry	61	68	63	70	68	62	53	59	55	48	40	46	47	34	40	45	41	41	41	52	46	42	49	37	28	25	35	37	40	36	37	40	31	33	41	39	32
Construction3	54	52	51	53	58	54	55	57	48	39	37	44	42	32	36	39	39	36	54	35	35	29	27	27	26	29	29	32	34	34	37	38	36	37	41	38	39
Building construction	53	54	53	55	61	58	59	61	53	45	38	46	43	34	35	37	39	36	55	36	37	28	29	28	27	28	31	33	36	36	39	40	40	36	43	40	39
Civil engineering	52	49	49	62	54	55	56	57	44	38	39	44	41	34	34	47	51	42	55	40	37	30	30	30	36	32	32	33	40	36	44	41	40	46	42	42	38
Finishing trades	53	52	47	49	58	51	50	53	44	38	37	44	42	29	35	39	35	34	56	32	33	30	25	26	23	30	28	31	32	33	33	37	33	35	40	37	40
Trade2	59	58	57	59	62	58	55	59	52	43	43	46	45	39	44	50	50	43	55	44	44	39	41	37	35	37	36	37	41	36	41	43	40	38	41	39	37
Retail trade	59	56	54	57	59	55	52	58	52	44	43	47	44	41	44	53	51	43	57	44	42	37	40	36	35	38	36	38	42	35	42	42	41	38	40	39	37
Wholesale trade	60	61	60	60	65	61	58	61	53	43	43	46	45	37	43	47	47	42	52	43	45	40	40	36	33	35	34	37	41	37	41	44	39	39	42	40	38
Services (excluding trade)6	58	56	56	58	59	56	53	56	51	44	41	47	44	42	45	54	50	47	57	46	46	42	42	40	40	41	41	42	45	40	46	47	44	45	46	45	43
Transport and warehousing	55	55	54	56	61	54	53	59	51	41	40	44	41	38	41	46	44	44	50	45	44	40	39	36	37	35	36	37	40	35	43	42	41	45	44	43	43
Hospitality	56	51	56	59	58	58	55	61	52	44	37	46	41	45	42	63	60	52	66	41	43	40	37	37	38	41	37	40	42	42	45	46	44	42	45	40	36
Financial and insurance services2	69	70	68	71	75	70	66	67	68	58	58	62	66	63	70	71	67	63	74	72	72	68	69	70	65	69	71	74	76	73	76	76	72	74	74	73	70
Banking	80	79	76	80	81	77	71	75	73	64	63	70	73	71	77	76	77	72	84	82	83	77	79	81	77	78	82	83	85	82	85	85	81	82	80	81	77
Insurance	68	56	65	55	76	65	60	64	61	50	53	49	62	54	71	74	60	57	76	73	57	67	63	63	61	64	68	74	71	67	71	72	65	67	75	63	71
Real estate	62	62	61	68	66	63	62	61	63	59	50	55	52	48	53	59	54	54	62	56	55	52	51	49	46	49	47	53	56	50	58	57	55	55	55	55	49
Health and social services	52	45	48	43	43	44	44	43	47	41	37	43	41	26	38	42	38	38	51	37	42	35	35	33	39	33	39	37	40	33	46	46	42	46	41	45	42
Information economy	51	50	50	50	49	48	44	43	40	36	33	38	36	32	36	43	38	36	52	37	35	32	31	31	32	30	31	31	33	28	33	35	29	30	34	32	31

Latest reading

All industries stood at −3 in May 2026. That is −3 from a year earlier. The series on this page is monthly and runs from Sep 2003 to May 2026. Source: German Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DIHK).

Latest: −3; May 2026
vs a year earlier: −3

About this data

The DIHK surveys tens of thousands of member firms three times a year through the chambers of industry and commerce. This table holds the core of that survey by sector: the balance of assessments of the current business situation and of expectations, together with employment, export and investment intentions and the reasons firms give for investing at home - capacity, replacement, rationalisation, product innovation or environmental protection - and the share of firms naming each business risk: labour costs, foreign and domestic demand, energy and raw material prices, skilled-worker shortage, financing, exchange rates and the economic policy framework.