美国分行业就业成本指数（ECI）
美国按行业和职业划分的季度就业成本指数（ECI）由美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布，用于衡量排除行业与职业结构转移影响后的劳工薪酬成本变化。该表涵盖全体民用劳工、按职业类别细分的私营部门以及州和地方政府雇员。相关季度系列数据自2001年起由美国劳工统计局通过FRED提供。该指标旨在反映经岗位结构调整后的劳动报酬变化情况。
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| 指标 | Q2-2026 | Q1-2026 | Q4-2025 | Q3-2025 | Q2-2025 | Q1-2025 | Q4-2024 | Q3-2024 | Q2-2024 | Q1-2024 | Q4-2023 | Q3-2023 | Q2-2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 全体文职劳动力：总计3 | ||||||||||||||
| 劳动力总成本 | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.5% | |
| 工资与薪金 | +3.1% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.4% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +4.0% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.5% | +4.6% | |
| 福利 | +3.8% | +3.6% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.3% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +3.9% | |
| 全体文职劳动力：分行业2 | ||||||||||||||
| 商品生产行业 | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +4.0% | |
| 服务业2 | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +3.9% | +3.8% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.3% | +4.5% | +4.6% | |
| 教育和卫生服务业2 | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.5% | +4.9% | +5.0% | |
| 教育服务业2 | +3.7% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.5% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.6% | +4.8% | |
| 中小学 | +3.7% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.8% | +3.9% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.6% | +5.0% | |
| 专科院校、学院、大学及专业院校 | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.5% | +4.7% | +4.5% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.6% | |
| 医疗保健与社会救助2 | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.0% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.2% | +4.3% | +4.5% | +4.5% | +4.6% | +5.0% | +5.2% | |
| 医院 | +3.2% | +3.1% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.6% | +4.7% | +4.6% | +4.9% | +5.1% | |
| 护理与寄宿照护机构 | +3.0% | +3.0% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.7% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +4.5% | +4.5% | +4.7% | +5.1% | +5.6% | |
| 公共管理 | +3.9% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +5.0% | +5.4% | +5.5% | +6.0% | +5.8% | +5.2% | +4.9% | +4.7% | |
| 私营部门：总计1 | ||||||||||||||
| 劳动力总成本 | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.8% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.5% | |
| 私营部门：分职业5 | ||||||||||||||
| 管理、专业及相关职业2 | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +4.3% | |
| 管理、商业与金融职业 | +3.2% | +3.0% | +2.8% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +3.3% | +2.9% | +3.3% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +4.2% | +3.7% | |
| 专业及相关职业 | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +4.0% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +4.6% | +4.6% | |
| 销售及办公职业2 | +2.7% | +3.3% | +3.3% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +2.8% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +3.3% | +4.1% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +4.6% | |
| 销售及相关职业 | +2.0% | +3.0% | +2.8% | +4.1% | +3.9% | +1.9% | +2.4% | +2.4% | +2.7% | +4.3% | +3.8% | +3.9% | +4.5% | |
| 办公与行政支持职业 | +3.4% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.9% | +3.9% | +3.9% | +4.4% | +4.7% | |
| 自然资源、建筑与维护职业2 | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.5% | +3.7% | +3.9% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.2% | +4.1% | |
| 建筑、采掘与农林渔业职业 | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +3.9% | +3.9% | |
| 安装、维护与修理职业 | +3.6% | +4.0% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +3.8% | +3.3% | +3.7% | +4.3% | +4.5% | +4.9% | +5.3% | +4.7% | +4.4% | |
| 生产、运输与物料搬运职业2 | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +5.1% | +5.1% | +4.7% | +4.7% | +3.9% | +4.3% | |
| 生产职业 | +3.2% | +3.0% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.3% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.1% | +4.6% | |
| 运输与物料搬运职业 | +3.2% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +5.6% | +5.8% | +5.1% | +5.0% | +3.8% | +4.1% | |
| 服务类职业 | +3.4% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +3.9% | +4.0% | +4.6% | +5.2% | |
| 私营部门：分行业2 | ||||||||||||||
| 商品生产行业2 | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.9% | +3.9% | +3.8% | +3.9% | |
| 建筑业 | +3.5% | +3.2% | +4.0% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +2.8% | +2.4% | +2.8% | +2.8% | +3.8% | +4.2% | +4.1% | +4.1% | |
| 制造业1 | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.2% | +3.6% | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.9% | |
| 飞机制造业 | +4.9% | +5.6% | +2.7% | +5.1% | +4.7% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +2.1% | +2.0% | +2.8% | +2.6% | +2.9% | −3.3% | |
| 服务业7 | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.9% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.5% | |
| 贸易、运输与公用事业4 | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.2% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.7% | +4.3% | +4.3% | |
| 批发业 | +3.3% | +3.5% | +2.7% | +3.3% | +2.5% | +1.9% | +2.9% | +2.8% | +3.1% | +4.4% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +4.2% | |
| 零售业 | +3.6% | +3.3% | +3.2% | +3.2% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +2.9% | +2.9% | +3.1% | +2.8% | +4.2% | +4.5% | +4.7% | |
| 运输与仓储业 | +3.4% | +4.0% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +4.1% | +4.7% | +7.7% | +7.7% | +7.3% | +6.3% | +3.9% | +3.8% | |
| 公用事业 | +4.5% | +4.2% | +4.0% | +4.0% | +4.0% | +3.9% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +4.0% | +4.7% | +4.8% | +4.5% | |
| 信息业 | +3.2% | +3.9% | +2.9% | +2.9% | +3.5% | +1.9% | +2.5% | +3.1% | +2.0% | +3.2% | +3.4% | +3.8% | +4.8% | |
| 金融活动2 | +3.5% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +3.4% | +2.5% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +3.4% | +4.1% | +3.5% | |
| 金融与保险业2 | +3.6% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +4.4% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +3.4% | +2.4% | +3.1% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +4.1% | +3.4% | |
| 信贷中介及相关活动 | +2.9% | +1.6% | +2.7% | +3.8% | +3.6% | +5.0% | +4.3% | +3.2% | +4.4% | +4.3% | +4.1% | +4.5% | +2.6% | |
| 保险承保机构及相关活动 | +2.7% | +2.9% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.4% | +3.8% | +2.9% | +2.2% | +3.1% | +2.7% | +3.1% | +4.0% | +4.3% | |
| 房地产及租赁业 | +2.7% | +3.9% | +3.5% | +2.8% | +5.0% | +3.9% | +3.4% | +3.0% | +2.8% | +3.0% | +3.3% | +4.2% | +3.8% | |
| 专业与商业服务业2 | +2.7% | +2.8% | +2.9% | +3.2% | +3.0% | +2.8% | +3.7% | +3.2% | +3.9% | +4.1% | +3.8% | +4.2% | +4.5% | |
| 专业、科学与技术服务业 | +3.0% | +2.8% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.1% | +3.1% | +3.4% | +2.9% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.7% | +4.0% | +4.4% | |
| 行政和支持及废物管理与补救服务业 | +2.6% | +2.6% | +2.4% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.1% | +3.9% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +4.4% | |
| 教育和卫生服务业2 | +3.9% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.5% | +4.5% | +4.9% | +4.9% | |
| 教育服务业1 | +4.3% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +2.9% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.9% | +4.7% | +4.6% | +4.5% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.3% | |
| 专科院校、学院、大学及专业院校 | +3.7% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +3.3% | +4.0% | +3.9% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.0% | +4.0% | +3.8% | +3.9% | +3.8% | |
| 医疗保健与社会救助2 | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.1% | +4.1% | +4.4% | +4.3% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.5% | +4.6% | +5.0% | +5.1% | |
| 医院 | +3.1% | +2.9% | +3.6% | +3.6% | +4.0% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.5% | +4.7% | +4.6% | +5.0% | +5.2% | |
| 护理与寄宿照护机构 | +3.0% | +3.0% | +3.2% | +3.2% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.7% | +4.4% | +4.4% | +4.7% | +5.0% | +5.5% | |
| 休闲和酒店业1 | +2.6% | +2.6% | +2.7% | +2.8% | +2.8% | +3.8% | +3.6% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +3.2% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +5.4% | |
| 住宿和餐饮业 | +2.4% | +2.4% | +2.7% | +2.8% | +2.9% | +3.9% | +3.5% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.1% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +5.5% | |
| 其他服务业（公共管理除外） | +3.8% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +3.7% | +3.0% | +3.3% | +4.6% | +4.5% | +5.1% | +5.3% | +5.2% | +4.9% | +4.8% | |
| 州和地方政府：总计1 | ||||||||||||||
| 劳动力总成本 | +3.7% | +3.5% | +3.4% | +3.6% | +4.0% | +4.4% | +4.7% | +4.7% | +5.0% | +4.8% | +4.6% | +4.7% | +4.9% | |
| 州和地方政府：分行业2 | ||||||||||||||
| 教育和卫生服务业2 | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.5% | +4.4% | +4.3% | +4.7% | +4.9% | |
| 教育服务业1 | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.3% | +3.5% | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +4.4% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.6% | +5.0% | |
| 学校1 | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.3% | +3.4% | +3.8% | +4.0% | +4.2% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.3% | +4.4% | +4.6% | +5.0% | |
| 中小学 | +3.6% | +3.4% | +3.3% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +3.9% | +4.0% | +4.1% | +4.2% | +4.1% | +4.3% | +4.6% | +4.9% | |
| 医疗保健与社会救助1 | +3.7% | +3.7% | +3.3% | +3.6% | +4.2% | +4.2% | +5.0% | +4.5% | +5.0% | +4.9% | +4.4% | +5.0% | +5.3% | |
| 医院 | +3.7% | +3.8% | +3.4% | +3.7% | +4.3% | +4.2% | +4.9% | +4.3% | +4.9% | +4.7% | +4.3% | +5.0% | +5.1% | |
| 公共管理 | +3.9% | +3.6% | +3.5% | +3.9% | +4.2% | +5.0% | +5.4% | +5.5% | +6.0% | +5.8% | +5.2% | +4.9% | +4.7% |
最新值
本页序列为季度，时间跨度从2001年第1季度至2026年第2季度。来源：圣路易斯联邦储备银行（FRED）。
常见问题
- 美国分行业就业成本指数（ECI）的最新值是多少？
- 劳动力总成本在2026年第2季度为177.18。较2026年第1季度+0.9%，较上年同期+3.4%。
- 美国分行业就业成本指数（ECI）当前处于高位还是低位？
- 同比变动值+3.4%为2021年第2季度以来的最低水平。
- 美国分行业就业成本指数（ECI）的数据可追溯至何时？
- 本页序列为季度，时间跨度从2001年第1季度至2026年第2季度。来源：圣路易斯联邦储备银行（FRED）。本数据表中的每个序列均可查看全历史图表，并支持下载为CSV或Excel格式。
- 美国分行业就业成本指数衡量的是什么？
- 它衡量美国各行业和职业雇员报酬（包括工资、薪金及雇主提供的福利）的变化率。
- 美国就业成本指数多久更新一次？历史数据可追溯至何时？
- 该数据由美国劳工统计局（BLS）通过FRED按季发布，历史序列可追溯至2001年。
- 该表包含哪些明细分类？
- 该表提供全体民用劳动力、按行业和职业划分的私营部门，以及州和地方政府部门的分类明细。
- 就业成本指数与平均时薪有何不同？
- 美国就业成本指数剔除了行业和职业间的就业结构变动影响，比平均时薪更能纯粹地反映潜在薪资压力。