MacroDataHub

德国失业率

德国失业率及月度劳动力市场统计数据结合了德国就业管理部门的登记失业数据与德国联邦统计局(Destatis)按国际劳工组织(ILO)标准统计的就业人数,全面监测劳动力市场动态。该数据集覆盖自1949年以来的历史数据,包含短工津贴人员(Kurzarbeit)、申报的空缺岗位以及纯微型低薪兼职人员。用户可按年龄、性别以及西德等地理区域,分析相关指标的比率与绝对数值。

来源: 德国联邦银行(Deutsche Bundesbank)、德国联邦统计局(Destatis)与德国联邦就业局统计处最后更新: 整理维护 Bui Thanh Phuc

正在加载图表数据…
指标09-202608-202607-202606-202605-202604-202603-202602-202601-202612-202511-202510-202509-202508-202507-202506-202505-202504-202503-202502-202501-202512-202411-202410-202409-202408-202407-202406-202405-202404-202403-202402-202401-202412-202311-202310-202309-2023
月度劳动力市场(德国联邦银行)2
经季调和日历调整5
按ESA 2010就业人数,国内概念,绝对值245,62245,65145,66745,69245,72145,74045,74445,76345,79145,80845,82745,83945,85345,88545,89745,90845,93045,92945,94745,94345,95845,95645,94945,94345,95345,96845,96945,98945,97145,96345,95645,95045,95645,94145,91845,917
缴纳社保雇员,总计,绝对值34,89034,90234,89934,90734,91234,90034,91234,93934,93634,94934,95434,95034,97734,97634,96034,97434,97534,98034,97234,97434,96634,96734,95434,94534,94734,92634,94434,93634,89734,90834,90434,87434,86734,84734,820
仅从事低薪兼职人员,总计,绝对值4,0194,0284,0354,0474,0604,0634,0714,0754,0824,0884,0994,1094,1194,1274,1384,1444,1434,1494,1514,1514,1524,1534,1614,1734,1844,1924,1944,1974,2044,1934,1934,1964,1914,1924,200
短时工,仅依《社会法典》第三编第96条享有资格,绝对值133,297132,193130,812138,158132,917138,397141,697160,131162,892170,753185,745207,810202,187198,393231,890232,918245,933252,833264,465223,041246,772242,296225,666206,880208,791205,888195,279214,905191,892183,532175,583161,247157,133162,116162,768
登记失业人数,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编,绝对值3,0123,0002,9952,9882,9882,9982,9792,9782,9772,9762,9732,9722,9732,9602,9672,9662,9572,9212,9242,8992,8892,8732,8612,8522,8242,8092,7992,7762,7592,7382,7272,7242,7062,7002,6912,6682,644
登记失业率,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编16.46.46.46.36.36.46.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.26.26.16.16.16665.95.95.95.95.95.95.95.85.85.7
登记失业率,西德,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编66666666666665.9665.95.95.95.95.95.85.85.85.75.75.65.65.65.65.65.65.55.55.55.45.4
登记空缺岗位,总计,绝对值646644645644643642644649621628622614616617618627635648650652658666666678679681690695703705715722729729731735739
未调整6
按ESA 2010就业人数,国内概念,绝对值245,58245,65545,71045,70345,65045,57245,50145,50145,90046,05246,06745,97845,81845,88145,93545,91345,85145,75745,70345,68446,06746,20546,19546,09345,92545,96446,00745,98645,88345,78645,71045,69546,06346,19146,17346,080
缴纳社保雇员,总计,绝对值334,677,40034,816,00034,841,90034,844,00034,825,93434,761,61834,759,76534,985,55535,190,71435,218,83235,215,93434,917,52334,761,65834,885,48834,902,57134,906,46234,887,70634,843,67734,821,68235,018,37535,222,44035,236,86435,220,29434,917,97734,729,47434,837,10234,886,30734,863,30234,809,58334,769,75434,753,83234,915,43835,125,93135,116,67035,088,917
缴纳社保雇员,第二产业,绝对值9,008,0009,039,5009,054,7009,067,0009,076,9549,066,3299,076,0569,131,2079,204,0049,231,0969,253,0599,193,5839,162,9389,194,2899,206,4649,221,3439,234,0669,232,9099,239,9649,299,6609,369,4839,393,6429,417,8219,353,4659,313,3219,336,3639,354,4909,361,7559,360,2479,359,3199,358,8809,401,3309,473,2759,490,4429,500,009
缴纳社保雇员,第三产业(不含劳务派遣),绝对值24,882,70024,987,90025,012,40025,007,60024,983,00724,946,96024,937,68425,100,95125,188,01425,173,96025,138,42124,915,64224,786,04024,875,98124,890,14024,878,43524,855,18724,820,64124,790,82824,920,35925,003,56824,977,66324,928,64524,702,13724,550,85224,634,57524,660,57224,632,57624,591,15524,547,80224,528,19824,636,72624,719,44824,686,26924,641,113
缴纳社保雇员,N 78.2、N 78.3劳务派遣,绝对值541,200537,400523,900523,300523,525513,016515,004524,031555,273561,163563,002554,211560,609559,532551,132557,067555,434553,796558,255568,741606,243613,486612,274606,043613,268610,855614,620618,337615,101625,078634,705647,936687,923685,712684,335
仅从事低薪兼职人员,总计,绝对值4,086,4004,087,2004,065,4004,044,5004,030,7894,013,9434,019,0154,073,1704,080,4734,069,7894,081,7044,125,9074,187,7484,185,4814,167,0314,139,7494,110,6424,098,7704,097,3114,150,4074,152,3824,137,3264,145,0214,191,5294,252,9744,250,4684,221,8754,190,0404,168,8364,141,2634,137,6504,196,6004,194,7584,181,2094,185,739
短时工,《社会法典》第三编,绝对值1316,872501,845498,477297,336202,474206,870195,374179,166201,722209,920241,241247,083418,789582,071585,768389,285275,154268,623225,992173,930203,288213,093199,626223,843378,669485,139540,191395,061180,771183,331158,068
短时工,仅依《社会法典》第三编第96条享有资格,绝对值118,054130,755128,510140,736149,949150,992143,998142,427187,377192,383181,112164,213186,888195,364226,711233,359264,172270,216277,125211,157265,616259,176216,836164,956194,461204,212191,106215,296209,964200,780189,069147,800174,450177,039152,317
登记失业人数,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编,绝对值12,994,4153,061,3963,007,2032,935,8502,950,4563,008,1613,021,2303,069,9423,084,6132,907,9912,885,0872,910,7522,954,7473,025,1362,979,4862,914,2562,919,1392,931,5542,967,0802,989,2202,992,6582,806,6252,774,0282,790,5292,806,3612,871,9132,808,7202,726,5722,722,5482,749,5782,769,2822,813,8132,805,3762,636,7282,605,7322,607,1162,627,099
登记失业人数,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第三编,绝对值1,181,9811,223,3331,196,6731,140,0931,144,6851,175,7321,195,1011,227,7441,226,9891,104,3581,079,1851,083,2901,108,1291,140,7311,116,6601,062,3431,062,2421,076,5981,104,0401,128,1211,127,4861,002,585973,307974,025984,6841,020,607989,023937,230930,485949,377977,4921,015,4671,005,975895,867864,970861,162868,620
登记失业率,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编16.46.56.46.26.36.46.46.56.66.26.16.26.36.46.36.26.26.36.46.46.465.9666.165.85.8666.16.15.75.65.75.7
登记失业率,西德,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编66.165.95.966.16.26.25.85.85.966.165.95.95.9666.15.75.65.65.75.85.75.55.55.65.65.75.75.45.35.35.4
欧盟标准失业率,常住概念,男女合计4.34.24.13.83.93.93.943.73.83.643.93.93.63.83.83.73.73.73.23.33.23.23.73.63.43.63.23.53.63.233.13.23
登记空缺岗位,总计,绝对值659,691656,481653,328648,242642,814641,205637,640637,559598,110619,351623,934623,202629,638631,058628,056632,183634,470646,065642,535638,945632,334654,251667,713688,742696,006698,868703,119700,745701,873701,366706,661706,201698,572712,945732,973748,665760,764
ILO劳动力概念(德国联邦统计局(Destatis))3
未调整2
劳动力243.6543.543.4443.8343.5743.9443.8243.8544.2444.4144.4844.3844.144.0444.0244.2543.8143.7643.5944.8344.3644.2844.4344.343.9243.9843.8243.7943.8243.5643.6243.7343.8443.8343.943.76
就业人数41.7941.6641.6642.1841.8642.2242.0942.1142.5942.7142.8642.5942.3642.3442.4442.5942.1542.1341.9943.1742.9542.8142.9942.8942.2842.3942.3242.2342.4242.0542.0742.3542.5342.4842.5142.44
失业人数1.861.841.781.651.711.721.731.741.651.71.621.791.741.71.581.661.661.631.61.661.411.471.441.411.641.591.51.561.41.511.551.381.311.351.391.32
失业率4.34.24.13.83.93.93.943.73.83.643.93.93.63.83.83.73.73.73.23.33.23.23.73.63.43.63.23.53.63.233.13.23
经季调和日历调整2
失业人数(经调整)1.81.81.81.81.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.61.61.61.61.61.61.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.41.41.41.41.41.4
失业率(经调整)4.14.14443.93.93.93.93.93.93.83.83.83.73.73.73.63.63.63.53.53.53.53.43.43.43.43.43.33.33.33.23.23.13.1
分性别和年龄失业率(未调整)4
25岁以下9.58.97.86.66.97.77.37.35.96.96.88.18.97.865.87.27.36.27.25.35.76.56.37.98.37.57.45.85.96.35.54.65.86.76.3
25岁及以上3.73.73.73.53.63.53.63.63.53.53.33.63.43.43.33.53.43.33.43.32.932.92.83.33.133.12.93.23.22.92.82.82.82.6
男性24.54.54.644.24.24.34.14.14.13.84.24.34.344443.943.43.53.33.443.83.83.93.43.543.23.23.33.33.2
25岁以下男性9.99.58.66.78.28.28.28.45.97.577.79.98.96.86.17.77.76.57.166.377.688.18.68.26.46.76.55.85.46.76.66.5
25岁及以上男性3.93.94.13.73.73.83.93.63.93.73.43.83.73.83.73.83.63.53.63.63.13.22.92.93.53.43.23.433.23.7332.92.92.8
女性243.93.63.53.63.63.53.83.33.53.43.93.53.33.13.43.53.43.53.42.93.13.12.93.53.433.233.43.13.12.72.832.8
25岁以下女性9.18.26.96.45.47.16.36.266.16.48.67.86.75.15.46.76.85.87.24.5564.87.88.66.26.45.256.15.33.74.76.86.1
25岁及以上女性3.43.53.23.13.53.23.23.633.23.13.33.12.92.93.23.233.232.82.92.82.732.82.72.82.83.22.72.82.62.62.62.4
登记失业(西德与东德)1
德国7
德国:登记失业人数22,9943,0613,0072,9362,9503,0083,0213,0703,0852,9082,8852,9112,9553,0252,9792,9142,9192,9322,9672,9892,9932,8072,7742,7912,8062,8722,8092,7272,7232,7502,7692,8142,8052,6372,6062,6072,627
德国:男性失业人数1,6411,6761,6611,6351,6481,6791,6981,7261,7261,6171,5931,5981,6161,6501,6361,6111,6171,6261,6571,6731,6671,5521,5221,5241,5281,5581,5331,4991,4981,5131,5301,5571,5461,4401,4101,4031,408
德国:女性失业人数1,3531,3851,3461,3011,3031,3291,3241,3441,3581,2911,2931,3131,3391,3751,3441,3041,3021,3051,3111,3171,3261,2551,2521,2671,2781,3141,2751,2281,2241,2371,2391,2571,2591,1971,1961,2041,220
德国:20岁以下失业人数74816558596164666565667075816457586061636262636769766053525455565555565960
德国:长期失业人数1,0701,0741,0691,0641,0641,0771,0651,0691,0731,0411,0431,0501,0481,0521,0471,0341,0321,0231,0241,0181,018984984985979982974965965966959961960927928928927
德国:失业率(全部民用劳动力)26.46.56.46.26.36.46.46.56.66.26.16.26.36.46.36.26.26.36.46.46.465.9666.165.85.8666.16.15.75.65.75.7
德国:男性失业率6.66.76.76.56.66.76.86.96.96.56.46.46.56.66.66.56.56.66.76.86.76.36.16.26.26.36.26.166.26.36.46.35.95.85.75.8
德国:女性失业率6.16.36.15.95.9666.16.25.85.95.96.16.26.15.95.95.96665.75.75.85.865.85.65.65.75.75.85.85.55.55.55.6
德国:失业率(从属劳动力)6.976.96.86.8777.17.16.76.76.76.876.96.76.76.86.9776.56.56.56.56.76.56.36.36.56.56.66.66.26.16.16.2
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林)5
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):登记失业人数22,3122,3612,3162,2622,2702,3142,3212,3582,3702,2352,2202,2422,2812,3372,2962,2432,2462,2552,2832,3002,3042,1592,1352,1492,1642,2192,1622,0972,0912,1102,1212,1562,1492,0212,0002,0012,019
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):男性失业人数1,2631,2901,2781,2561,2641,2871,3001,3221,3231,2371,2201,2261,2421,2691,2561,2351,2391,2471,2701,2831,2791,1891,1671,1691,1731,1991,1761,1481,1451,1551,1671,1881,1801,0981,0761,0711,076
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):女性失业人数1,0491,0711,0391,0061,0061,0271,0211,0361,0479979991,0161,0391,0671,0391,0081,0061,0091,0131,0181,0259709699809911,020986949946955954968969923924930943
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):20岁以下失业人数5662484344464849484949525762474243445464646475052574338383940424141424445
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):长期失业人数822825821817817826818820824800802809808811807796795788788784783757758759755757750743743743737739738714715715714
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):失业率(全部民用劳动力)266.165.95.966.16.26.25.85.85.966.165.95.95.9666.15.75.65.65.75.85.75.55.55.65.65.75.75.45.35.35.4
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):男性失业率6.26.36.36.26.26.36.46.56.56.1666.16.26.26.16.16.26.36.46.35.95.85.85.85.95.85.75.75.85.965.95.55.45.45.4
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):女性失业率5.85.95.75.65.65.75.75.85.85.55.65.65.85.95.85.65.65.65.75.75.75.45.45.55.55.75.55.35.35.45.45.55.55.25.25.35.3
西德(原联邦领土,不含柏林):失业率(从属劳动力)6.56.76.56.46.46.56.66.76.76.36.36.36.56.66.56.36.46.46.56.66.66.26.16.16.26.36.2666.16.16.26.25.85.85.85.8
东德(新联邦州,含柏林)5
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):登记失业人数2682700691673681695700712715673666669673688684672673676684689689648639641642653646629631640648658656615605606608
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):男性失业人数378387384379384392398405404379372372373380379376377380387390388363355355355359357351353357364369367342333332332
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):女性失业人数304314307295296302302308311294293297300308304296296297298299301285283286287294289278279282284288290274272274276
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):20岁以下失业人数17201715151617171717171718191715151616161616161717181614141415151414141515
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):长期失业人数248250248246247250248249249241240241240241240238237235235235234227226226224225224222223223222222222214213213212
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):失业率(全部民用劳动力)27.98.187.87.888.18.28.27.87.77.77.87.97.97.77.87.87.9887.57.47.47.47.67.57.37.37.57.67.77.77.27.17.17.1
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):男性失业率8.28.48.38.28.38.58.78.88.88.38.18.18.18.38.38.28.28.38.58.58.57.97.87.87.87.97.87.77.77.98.18.28.17.67.47.47.4
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):女性失业率7.57.77.57.27.37.47.47.57.67.27.27.37.37.57.57.27.37.37.37.37.477777.27.16.86.8777.17.26.86.76.86.8
东德(新联邦州,含柏林):失业率(从属劳动力)8.68.88.78.58.68.88.8998.58.48.48.58.78.68.58.58.68.78.78.78.28.18.18.18.38.2888.28.38.48.47.97.87.87.8
德国联邦就业局:不充分就业2
不充分就业(不含短时工)3,614,9903,680,2003,654,7703,612,8903,638,1703,679,2603,698,7403,735,1103,717,4703,579,4703,556,3903,563,6703,589,9903,641,3603,617,1603,586,4203,612,1703,647,0303,694,0203,727,7503,713,1503,574,9003,548,6703,553,7703,562,4203,609,1903,577,2603,538,9503,543,9803,569,1003,600,7803,636,9303,607,2203,477,6003,445,6303,436,9403,437,690
不充分就业(不含短时工,经季调)3,653,0003,661,0003,661,0003,655,0003,657,0003,659,0003,640,0003,636,0003,632,0003,628,0003,624,0003,623,0003,628,0003,624,0003,624,0003,628,0003,632,0003,629,0003,635,0003,628,0003,627,0003,620,0003,616,0003,614,0003,600,0003,592,0003,585,0003,580,0003,564,0003,552,0003,544,0003,538,0003,523,0003,521,0003,512,0003,497,0003,474,000
德国联邦就业局:登记空缺岗位3
登记空缺岗位:存量659,690656,480653,330648,240642,810641,210637,640637,560598,110619,350623,930623,200629,640631,060628,060632,180634,470646,070642,540638,950632,330654,250667,710688,740696,010698,870703,120700,750701,870701,370706,660706,200698,570712,950732,970748,670760,760
登记空缺岗位:流入量131,520141,620135,200120,600131,480118,850133,230158,370105,260118,570122,370119,940115,430127,070125,770121,010114,830139,660127,230132,58096,700114,850118,340128,790114,730121,670133,320117,810127,360129,140128,940151,760113,650127,910123,850123,610124,290
登记空缺岗位:流入量(经季调和日历调整)131,000131,000125,000126,000131,000124,000126,000146,000128,000125,000125,000119,000120,000122,000121,000121,000114,000144,000121,000117,000124,000121,000121,000128,000125,000117,000122,000123,000127,000127,000128,000128,000128,000128,000126,000128,000130,000

最新值

本页序列为月度,时间跨度从1991年12月至2026年9月。来源:德国联邦银行(Deutsche Bundesbank)、德国联邦统计局(Destatis)与德国联邦就业局统计处。

常见问题

德国失业率的最新值是多少?
登记失业率,依《社会法典》第三编第16条,涵盖第二及第三编在2026年9月为6.4%。较2026年8月持平,较上年同期+0.1个百分点。
德国失业率的数据可追溯至何时?
本页序列为月度,时间跨度从1991年12月至2026年9月。来源:德国联邦银行(Deutsche Bundesbank)、德国联邦统计局(Destatis)与德国联邦就业局统计处。本数据表中的每个序列均可查看全历史图表,并支持下载为CSV或Excel格式。
德国失业率是如何统计的?
该表依据两种不同口径跟踪德国失业率:根据《社会法典》界定的登记失业口径,以及国际劳工组织(ILO)劳动力调查口径。这两种统计定义互有区别,不可混用。
德国失业率提供哪些人口统计细分数据?
德国月度失业率和登记失业人数按性别和年龄进行细分,例如25岁以下男性以及25岁及以上女性。此外还专门提供西德地区的独立统计数据。
该表是否包含德国短时工作制数据?
是的,除德国失业率外,数据还包含短时工(Kurzarbeit)的绝对人数。数据同时跟踪报告的职位空缺数以及低薪非全日制从业人员数量。
德国劳动力市场统计数据的覆盖范围如何?
德国失业率及更广泛的劳动力市场序列可追溯至1949年。相关数据每月更新,数据来源涵盖德国联邦银行、德国联邦统计局(Destatis)和德国联邦劳动局。