欧盟出生率、死亡率与迁移率
欧盟统计局(Eurostat)发布的欧盟、欧元区及各成员国年度粗出生率、粗死亡率和净迁移率,以每千人比率衡量人口的自然增长与流动状况。粗率消除了人口总量的影响,使得像德国这样的人口大国与马耳他这样的小国之间能够直接进行对比,而绝对人口数值则无法做到这一点。自1960年以来,欧盟的粗出生率已下降过半,而粗死亡率在长期保持平稳后因人口老龄化而开始抬头;两条曲线的交叉点标志着欧洲人口自然增长转为负值的年份。净迁移率是波动最剧烈的序列,几乎能够即时反映重大移民潮的冲击。请注意,这些指标为未根据年龄结构调整的“粗率”,这意味着人口结构更年轻的国家通常死亡率更低,但这并不必然代表其医疗卫生水平更优。德国和法国的时间跨度及数据缺失情况与人口总数表完全一致。数据来源:欧盟统计局(Eurostat)。
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| 指标 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | 1996 | 1995 | 1994 | 1993 | 1992 | 1991 | 1990 | 1989 | 1988 | 1987 | 1986 | 1985 | 1984 | 1983 | 1982 | 1981 | 1980 | 1979 | 1978 | 1977 | 1976 | 1975 | 1974 | 1973 | 1972 | 1971 | 1970 | 1969 | 1968 | 1967 | 1966 | 1965 | 1964 | 1963 | 1962 | 1961 | 1960 | |
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| 粗出生率29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 欧盟 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.6 | 14.9 | 15 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 18.4 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 18.5 | ||
| 欧元区 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.6 | 9 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 德国 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10 | 10.4 | 11.5 | 11 | 11 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 14.9 | 16.1 | 17 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 18.3 | 18.3 | 17.9 | 18 | 17.4 | |
| 法国 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 12 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 意大利 | 6 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 7 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.9 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 11 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 14 | 14.9 | 15.8 | 16 | 16.3 | 16.8 | 16.7 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 18.7 | 19 | 19.7 | 18.7 | 18.4 | 18.4 | 18.1 | |
| 西班牙 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 9 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 11 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.6 | 14.1 | 15.2 | 16.2 | 17.3 | 18 | 18.7 | 18.7 | 19.5 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 19.5 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 21.1 | 22 | 21.4 | 21.1 | 21.2 | 21.7 | |
| 荷兰 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 13 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 13 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 12 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 13 | 13.7 | 14.5 | 16.1 | 17.2 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 18.6 | 18.9 | 19.2 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 21.3 | 20.8 | |
| 比利时 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 14 | 14.6 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 15.3 | 15.9 | 16.4 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 16.8 | 17.3 | 16.8 | |
| 爱尔兰 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 13.9 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 15.3 | 14.8 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.5 | 14.4 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.8 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 15.1 | 14.8 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 17.4 | 17.6 | 18.1 | 19.1 | 20.3 | 20.9 | 21.7 | 21.5 | 21.1 | 21 | 20.9 | 21.1 | 22 | 22.3 | 22.6 | 22.6 | 21.8 | 21.5 | 20.9 | 21.1 | 21.5 | 22.1 | 22.4 | 22.2 | 21.8 | 21.2 | 21.5 | |
| 奥地利 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 10 | 10 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 12 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 14.5 | 15 | 16.3 | 17 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.5 | 18.8 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 17.9 | |
| 芬兰 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 9 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11 | 11 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 13 | 13.1 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 13.3 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 13.9 | 13.3 | 12.2 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 14 | 14.6 | 15.9 | 16.8 | 17 | 17.1 | 17.7 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.4 | 18.5 | |
| 葡萄牙 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 11 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 13 | 14.3 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 16.2 | 16.6 | 17.5 | 19.1 | 20 | 19.8 | 19.6 | 20 | 20.2 | 21 | 20.8 | 21.7 | 22.1 | 22.8 | 23.2 | 23.4 | 24 | 23.5 | 24.5 | 24.4 | 24.1 | |
| 希腊 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.4 | 16 | 15.7 | 16.1 | 15.4 | 15.9 | 16 | 16.5 | 17.6 | 18.4 | 18.8 | 18 | 17.7 | 18 | 17.5 | 18 | 17.9 | 18.9 | |
| 斯洛伐克 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 9 | 9.7 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.1 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 11 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 12.4 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 14.8 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 15.9 | 16.1 | 16.8 | 17.5 | 17.7 | 18.1 | 18.3 | 18.6 | 19.1 | 20.3 | 20.5 | 20.6 | 20.8 | 20.6 | 20.8 | 20 | 19.1 | 18.2 | 17.8 | 17.7 | 17 | 17.4 | 18.5 | 19.3 | 20.1 | 20.4 | 19.8 | 20.8 | 21.7 | |
| 保加利亚 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 9 | 9 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 10 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 9 | 8.8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 10 | 10.4 | 11.1 | 12.1 | 12.6 | 13.1 | 13 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.6 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 14 | 14.5 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 16.5 | 16.6 | 17.2 | 16.2 | 15.3 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 17 | 16.9 | 15 | 14.9 | 15.3 | 16.1 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 17.4 | 17.8 | |
| 卢森堡 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 12 | 12.4 | 13.1 | 13 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 11.8 | 13 | 13 | 13.3 | 14 | 14.8 | 15.6 | 16 | 16 | 15.8 | 16 | 16.1 | 16 | |
| 克罗地亚 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9 | 9.1 | 9 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 13.3 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 15.1 | 15 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 14.9 | 15 | 15.1 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 13.8 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 16.5 | 17.2 | 17.8 | 18.4 | |
| 立陶宛 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10 | 9.7 | 10 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 9 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 12.9 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 15.4 | 15.1 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 16.5 | 16.4 | 16.5 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 16 | 17 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 18 | 18.1 | 19 | 19.7 | 20.9 | 22.2 | 22.5 | |
| 斯洛文尼亚 | 8 | 7.9 | 8 | 8.3 | 9 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 11.7 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 13 | 13.4 | 13.6 | 14.1 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.2 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 16.7 | 16.4 | 16.3 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 16.8 | 17.7 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 17.9 | 18 | 18.1 | 18.2 | 17.6 | |
| 拉脱维亚 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 10 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 10.4 | 12.1 | 13.1 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 15.6 | 16 | 16.1 | 15.4 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 14.8 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 14 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14 | 14.1 | 14 | 14 | 13.8 | 14.8 | 15.3 | 16.1 | 16.7 | 16.7 | |
| 爱沙尼亚 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 8 | 8.6 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 12 | 11.8 | 11 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 9 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 14.2 | 15.5 | 16 | 16.2 | 15.7 | 15.5 | 16 | 16 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15 | 14.9 | 15 | 15.2 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.6 | 16.1 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 14.9 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 15.4 | 15.3 | 16.1 | 16.5 | 16.7 | |
| 塞浦路斯 | 9.3 | 10 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 13.1 | 13.8 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 18.6 | 17.5 | 18.3 | 18.1 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 20.6 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 19.5 | 20.4 | 19.7 | 18.8 | 18.3 | 18.7 | 16 | 13.6 | 18.3 | 18.5 | 18.8 | 19.2 | 19.8 | 20.5 | 21.3 | 22.3 | 23.2 | 24.2 | 25.1 | 25.6 | 26.2 | ||
| 马耳他 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 15.3 | 16.1 | 16.9 | 17.1 | 18.1 | 16.6 | 17.7 | 18.6 | 18.2 | 18.9 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 18 | 17.4 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 17.6 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 17 | 16.9 | 17.7 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 23.2 | 23.6 | 26.2 | |
| 波兰 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 9 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 13.4 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 15.6 | 16.1 | 17 | 18.3 | 19 | 19.8 | 19.5 | 19 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 19.1 | 19.2 | 19.6 | 19 | 18.5 | 18 | 17.5 | 17.2 | 16.8 | 16.4 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.8 | 17.4 | 18.1 | 19.2 | 19.8 | 20.9 | 22.6 | |
| 瑞典 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 10 | 11 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 14.4 | 14.5 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 12 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 13.5 | 14.3 | 15.4 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16 | 14.8 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 13.7 | |
| 罗马尼亚 | 7 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10 | 9.4 | 10 | 9.7 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 10 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 11 | 11.4 | 12 | 13.6 | 16 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 16.5 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 14.3 | 15.3 | 17 | 18 | 18.6 | 19 | 19.5 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 20.3 | 18.2 | 18.8 | 19.6 | 21.1 | 23.3 | 26.6 | 27 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 15.7 | 16.2 | 17.5 | 19.1 | |
| 捷克 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 9.5 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 10.3 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 10.3 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 14 | 14.9 | 16.7 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 18.5 | 19.1 | 19.4 | 18.3 | 16.6 | 15.7 | 15 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 14.4 | 15.1 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 13.9 | 13.7 | 13.4 | |
| 丹麦 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 12 | 11.9 | 12 | 12 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 13 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 12 | 11.5 | 11 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 15.3 | 16.8 | 18.4 | 18 | 17.7 | 17.6 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 16.6 | |
| 匈牙利 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 9 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 13.3 | 13.9 | 15 | 15.7 | 16.7 | 17.5 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 15 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 15 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 13.6 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 12.9 | 14 | 14.7 | |
| 粗死亡率29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 欧盟 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 9.8 | ||
| 欧元区 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 9.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 德国 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 12.1 | 12 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 11.7 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.6 | |||||||||||||
| 法国 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 意大利 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 10 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 10 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 10 | 9.3 | 9.6 | |
| 西班牙 | 9 | 8.9 | 9 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8 | 8 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.6 | |
| 荷兰 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 9 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.7 | 8 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.6 | |
| 比利时 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 10 | 9.7 | 11 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 12 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 12.6 | 12.2 | 11.6 | 12.4 | |
| 爱尔兰 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 11.5 | |
| 奥地利 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 13 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 13 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.1 | 12.7 | |
| 芬兰 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 11 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 10 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 10 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9 | |
| 葡萄牙 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 11.6 | 12 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 11.5 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 10.7 | |
| 希腊 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 13.4 | 13.7 | 12.4 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.3 | |
| 斯洛伐克 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10 | 11 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.8 | 10 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 9.9 | 10 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9 | 8.5 | 8 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 7.5 | 7.8 | |
| 保加利亚 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 15.7 | 18.4 | 22.9 | 19 | 16.3 | 16.2 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 15 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 14.8 | 15 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14 | 14.1 | 13.6 | 14.3 | 14.7 | 14 | 13.6 | 13.2 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11.6 | 12 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 9 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 7.9 | 8.1 | |
| 卢森堡 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 7 | 6.9 | 7 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 9 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12 | 11.9 | 12.8 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 12.6 | 11.4 | 11.8 | |
| 克罗地亚 | 12.9 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 14.8 | 16.2 | 14.6 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 12.6 | 13 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 12 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 10.9 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.7 | 10 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 10 | 9.1 | 10 | |
| 立陶宛 | 13 | 13 | 12.9 | 15.1 | 17 | 15.5 | 13.6 | 14 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 13.7 | 14 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 12.2 | 12 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10 | 11.1 | 11 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9 | 9 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 8 | 8.7 | 7.9 | 7.8 | |
| 斯洛文尼亚 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 11 | 11.4 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 10 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 10 | 10.4 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 9.6 | |
| 拉脱维亚 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 14.9 | 16.3 | 18.4 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 15 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.4 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 14.3 | 14 | 14.2 | 15 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 14.2 | 13.8 | 14 | 15.7 | 16.6 | 15.3 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12 | 13.2 | 13 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 10.1 | 10 | |
| 爱沙尼亚 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 14 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 13 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 13 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 14 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 14.2 | 13.1 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.5 | |
| 塞浦路斯 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 7 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 7 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 8 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.8 | ||
| 马耳他 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 8 | 8 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 9 | 8.6 | |
| 波兰 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 12.2 | 14 | 12.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.6 | |
| 瑞典 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 9 | 9 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10 | 10 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 11 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11 | 11 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 11 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 10 | |
| 罗马尼亚 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 14.4 | 17.5 | 15.5 | 13.4 | 13.6 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 12 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 12 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 11 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10 | 10 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 8.7 | |
| 捷克 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 13 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 9.9 | 9.8 | |
| 丹麦 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 11 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.5 | |
| 匈牙利 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 14.2 | 16.2 | 14.6 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 13 | 13.4 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 13 | 12.9 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 13 | 13.3 | 14 | 13.7 | 13.5 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.5 | 14.3 | 14 | 14 | 13.8 | 13.2 | 13.4 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 10 | 10.7 | 10 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 10.2 | |
| 人口自然增长率29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 欧盟 | -3 | -2.8 | -2.6 | -2.9 | -2.7 | -2.5 | -1.1 | -1 | -0.7 | -0.4 | -0.7 | 0 | -0.3 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6 | 6.3 | 7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.6 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.8 | ||
| 欧元区 | -2.8 | -2.6 | -2.6 | -2.8 | -2.3 | -2.4 | -1.1 | -1 | -0.8 | -0.3 | -0.6 | 0.1 | -0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 德国 | -4.2 | -4 | -4 | -3.9 | -2.7 | -2.6 | -1.9 | -2 | -1.8 | -1.4 | -2.3 | -1.9 | -2.6 | -2.4 | -2.4 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -2 | -1.7 | -1.8 | -1.8 | -1.4 | -1.8 | -1.5 | -1.1 | -0.9 | -0.9 | -0.8 | -0.6 | -1.1 | -1.5 | -1.4 | -1.2 | -0.9 | -1 | 0.2 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -1.2 | -1.9 | -1.8 | -2 | -1.5 | -2.4 | 1.2 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 5.9 | |||||||||||||
| 法国 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 4 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 意大利 | -5 | -4.8 | -4.9 | -5.5 | -5.1 | -5.6 | -3.6 | -3.2 | -3.2 | -2.4 | -2.7 | -1.6 | -1.4 | -1.3 | -0.8 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.1 | -0.1 | 0 | -0.2 | 0.3 | -0.7 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.4 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 3 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 6 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 9.1 | 8.6 | |
| 西班牙 | -2.5 | -2.4 | -2.3 | -2.8 | -2.4 | -3.2 | -1.2 | -1.2 | -0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 6 | 6.3 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 11 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 13.1 | |
| 荷兰 | -0.5 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3 | 2.9 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 7.5 | 8.9 | 9.9 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 11 | 11.2 | 12 | 13 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 13.7 | 13.2 | |
| 比利时 | -0.3 | -0.2 | 0 | -0.2 | 0.5 | -1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2 | 2.2 | 2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 4.3 | |
| 爱尔兰 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 10 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 8.6 | 8 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 6 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 11 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 11.5 | 11 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.9 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 10.6 | 11 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 8.9 | 9.9 | |
| 奥地利 | -1.3 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -1.2 | -0.7 | -0.9 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0 | -0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | -0.3 | 0.1 | -0.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -1.2 | -0.9 | -1 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 3 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 6 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 5.2 | |
| 芬兰 | -2.4 | -2.6 | -3.2 | -3.3 | -1.5 | -1.6 | -1.5 | -1.3 | -0.6 | -0.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2 | 2 | 1.8 | 2 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 9.6 | |
| 葡萄牙 | -3 | -3 | -2.9 | -3.8 | -4.3 | -3.7 | -2.4 | -2.5 | -2.3 | -2.3 | -2.2 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -1.7 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.5 | 0 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 9 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 12 | 12 | 12.8 | 13.3 | 12.6 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 13.4 | |
| 希腊 | -5.3 | -5.5 | -5.4 | -6.1 | -5.6 | -4.4 | -3.9 | -3.2 | -3.4 | -2.4 | -2.7 | -2 | -1.6 | -1.5 | -0.4 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 7 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 9.4 | 10 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 11.6 | |
| 斯洛伐克 | -2.1 | -1.4 | -1 | -1.3 | -3.1 | -0.4 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 11.1 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 11.7 | 13.3 | 14 | |
| 保加利亚 | -7.7 | -7.3 | -6.8 | -9.6 | -13.9 | -10 | -7 | -6.9 | -6.7 | -6.2 | -6.3 | -5.8 | -5.3 | -5.5 | -5.1 | -4.7 | -3.6 | -4.4 | -5 | -5.2 | -5.5 | -5.2 | -5.7 | -5.9 | -5.5 | -5.1 | -4.8 | -6.4 | -6.9 | -5.4 | -5.1 | -3.8 | -3 | -2.2 | -1.7 | -0.4 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 5 | 5.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 6 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 9.5 | 9.7 | |
| 卢森堡 | 3 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4 | 4.2 | 4 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.3 | -0.1 | -1.6 | -1.1 | -1.1 | -1.1 | -0.1 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 4.2 | |
| 克罗地亚 | -4.5 | -4.9 | -5 | -6 | -6.8 | -5.4 | -4 | -3.9 | -4.2 | -3.4 | -4 | -2.7 | -2.5 | -2.3 | -2.3 | -2 | -1.8 | -1.9 | -2.4 | -2.1 | -2.2 | -2.2 | -3 | -2.4 | -2 | -1.5 | -1.5 | -1.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.5 | -1.1 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 5 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 5 | 5.9 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 8.7 | 8.4 | |
| 立陶宛 | -6.9 | -6.4 | -5.7 | -7.4 | -8.7 | -7.1 | -4.7 | -4.5 | -4.3 | -4 | -4 | -3.7 | -4.3 | -3.7 | -3.6 | -3.7 | -3.1 | -3.8 | -4.8 | -4.7 | -4.3 | -3.4 | -3.2 | -3.3 | -2.7 | -1.4 | -1 | -1.1 | -0.9 | -1.1 | -1.1 | -1.1 | 0.4 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 5 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 12.2 | 14.3 | 14.7 | |
| 斯洛文尼亚 | -2 | -2.2 | -2.1 | -2.3 | -2 | -2.5 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -1.1 | -0.6 | -0.5 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -0.6 | -0.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 6.5 | 8 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 9.4 | 8 | |
| 拉脱维亚 | -7.7 | -7.4 | -7.2 | -7.8 | -9.1 | -5.9 | -4.7 | -4.9 | -4.1 | -3.4 | -3.3 | -3.4 | -4 | -4.5 | -4.7 | -4.9 | -3.7 | -3 | -4.1 | -4.6 | -4.9 | -5.1 | -4.9 | -5.4 | -5.7 | -5 | -5.6 | -6.6 | -6 | -5.9 | -7 | -6.9 | -4.9 | -1.5 | 0 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 5 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 6.7 | |
| 爱沙尼亚 | -4.7 | -4.4 | -3.7 | -4.2 | -4 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -1.3 | -1 | -1 | -1.5 | -1.3 | -1.1 | -0.4 | 0 | -0.2 | -0.5 | -1.2 | -1.8 | -2.2 | -2.7 | -3.7 | -3.9 | -4.2 | -3.8 | -4.3 | -5.3 | -4.3 | -4.1 | -5.1 | -5.5 | -4 | -1.4 | -0.2 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 4 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 4 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 6.1 | |
| 塞浦路斯 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 4 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 9 | 10 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 11.2 | 11 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 9.2 | 10.1 | 8.1 | 4.7 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 10 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 13.7 | 14.6 | 15 | 15.4 | ||
| 马耳他 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 6 | 5 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 7 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 7 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 8.8 | 7 | 7.5 | 9.1 | 7.7 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 17.6 | |
| 波兰 | -4.6 | -4.3 | -3.7 | -3.9 | -5.1 | -3.3 | -0.9 | -0.7 | 0 | -0.2 | -0.7 | 0 | -0.5 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 6 | 6.9 | 8 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 10 | 10.5 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 13.3 | 15 | |
| 瑞典 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.3 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 3 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3 | 3.9 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6 | 4.8 | 4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | |
| 罗马尼亚 | -5.5 | -5.3 | -4.4 | -4.8 | -7.4 | -5.3 | -3.1 | -3.1 | -2.6 | -2.7 | -3.1 | -2.8 | -2.9 | -2.7 | -2.7 | -2.3 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -1.8 | -1.8 | -1.9 | -2 | -2.5 | -2.7 | -1.8 | -0.9 | -1.4 | -1.4 | -1.9 | -2.4 | -1.5 | -0.9 | -0.6 | -0.2 | 1 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 7 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 8.4 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 11.5 | 13.2 | 17 | 17.8 | 6 | 6 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 10.4 | |
| 捷克 | -3.3 | -2.6 | -2 | -1.8 | -2.7 | -1.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 0 | 0.2 | 1 | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.1 | -0.6 | -0.9 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -1.7 | -1.8 | -2 | -1.8 | -2.1 | -2.2 | -2.1 | -1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 5 | 3 | 3.8 | 3.6 | |
| 丹麦 | 0.2 | 0 | -0.2 | -0.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.6 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.9 | -1 | -1.2 | -0.5 | -0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 5 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7 | 7.2 | 7.1 | |
| 匈牙利 | -5.4 | -5.1 | -4.3 | -4.9 | -6.5 | -4.9 | -3.8 | -3.9 | -3.8 | -3.3 | -4 | -3.4 | -3.8 | -3.9 | -4.1 | -4 | -3.4 | -3.1 | -3.5 | -3.2 | -3.8 | -3.7 | -4.1 | -3.5 | -3.4 | -3.7 | -4.7 | -4.2 | -3.8 | -3.7 | -3.2 | -3 | -3.2 | -2.6 | -1.7 | -1.9 | -2 | -1.5 | -1.6 | -1.8 | -1.6 | -2 | -2 | -1 | -0.2 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 5 | 6 | 5.8 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 4.5 | |
| 净迁移率29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 欧盟 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 3.2 | 0.3 | 3 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1 | 1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1 | -1.8 | 0.8 | -0.3 | -0.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.6 | 2.3 | -0.3 | ||
| 欧元区 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 7 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 德国 | 2.9 | 5.4 | 8.1 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 14.3 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 1.6 | -0.1 | -0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1 | 1 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 3.4 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 9.6 | 7.5 | 16.3 | 15.8 | 7.9 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 1.5 | -2.4 | -1.9 | 5.1 | -3.2 | -4.4 | -2.9 | 2.2 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.1 | 5 | 4.4 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||
| 法国 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 2.8 | 0.6 | 1.7 | 0.8 | -0.3 | -0.4 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 意大利 | 5 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 1.6 | -1.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -0.1 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.6 | -0.8 | -0.6 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | -2.8 | -2 | -1.8 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -1.6 | -1.2 | -1.2 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -2.7 | -1.6 | |
| 西班牙 | 11.8 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 15.3 | 4.2 | 5 | 9.7 | 7 | 3.8 | 1.7 | -0.1 | -2.2 | -5.4 | -3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 3 | 9.5 | 17.2 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 17.9 | 7.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 2.9 | -1 | -0.8 | -0.7 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.5 | -0.5 | -0.5 | -0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | -2.2 | -0.8 | 2.9 | -3 | -1.6 | -3 | -3.3 | -4.1 | -2.7 | -4.7 | |
| 荷兰 | 5.2 | 6 | 7.6 | 12.6 | 6.1 | 3.9 | 6.2 | 5 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | -0.1 | -1.6 | -1.4 | -0.6 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -0.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 5.1 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 0.4 | -1 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | -0.2 | 1.4 | 0.5 | -1.1 | |
| 比利时 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 10.9 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 5 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 5.5 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 7.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 2 | 0.7 | 3.7 | -0.1 | 0 | -0.1 | 0 | -0.8 | -0.5 | -2.1 | -0.2 | 0.2 | -0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 2.3 | -3.4 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 5.3 | 3.7 | 2.1 | -4.3 | 1 | |
| 爱尔兰 | 9.4 | 13.1 | 11.4 | 18.7 | 12 | 6.1 | 8.8 | 11.2 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 2.8 | 0.4 | -2.5 | -4.8 | -5.9 | -5.6 | -4.2 | 3.7 | 16.9 | 22.2 | 15.2 | 12.2 | 8.1 | 8.6 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 6.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 1.6 | -0.8 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 1.4 | -2.2 | -8 | -12.1 | -10.6 | -4.8 | -10.5 | -3.6 | -2.8 | -3.8 | 0.3 | -0.2 | -0.2 | 4.4 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 6 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 2 | -0.9 | -2.7 | -5.1 | -5.7 | -4.5 | -7.5 | -6.6 | -5 | -3.5 | -7 | -14.8 |
最新值
本页序列为年度,时间跨度从1961至2025。来源:欧盟统计局(Eurostat)。
关于本数据
欧盟统计局(Eurostat)发布的欧盟、欧元区及各成员国年度粗出生率、粗死亡率和净迁移率,以每千人比率衡量人口的自然增长与流动状况。粗率消除了人口总量的影响,使得像德国这样的人口大国与马耳他这样的小国之间能够直接进行对比,而绝对人口数值则无法做到这一点。自1960年以来,欧盟的粗出生率已下降过半,而粗死亡率在长期保持平稳后因人口老龄化而开始抬头;两条曲线的交叉点标志着欧洲人口自然增长转为负值的年份。净迁移率是波动最剧烈的序列,几乎能够即时反映重大移民潮的冲击。请注意,这些指标为未根据年龄结构调整的“粗率”,这意味着人口结构更年轻的国家通常死亡率更低,但这并不必然代表其医疗卫生水平更优。德国和法国的时间跨度及数据缺失情况与人口总数表完全一致。数据来源:欧盟统计局(Eurostat)。
常见问题
- 欧盟出生率、死亡率与迁移率的最新值是多少?
- 最新值为7.7‰(2025)。较2024−2.5%。
- 欧盟出生率、死亡率与迁移率当前处于高位还是低位?
- 读数7.7‰为自1961有数据以来的最低水平。
- 欧盟出生率、死亡率与迁移率的数据可追溯至何时?
- 本页序列为年度,时间跨度从1961至2025。来源:欧盟统计局(Eurostat)。本数据表中的每个序列均可查看全历史图表,并支持下载为CSV或Excel格式。
- 欧盟粗出生率、粗死亡率及净迁移率衡量什么?
- 该系列指标以比率形式衡量欧盟及成员国人口变动的强度。粗出生率与粗死亡率分别表示特定时期内相对于人口规模的活产数与死亡数比率,两者之差为人口自然增长率;再结合净迁移率,共同构成衡量人口规模总变动速度的人口增长率。
- 该数据由谁编制发布,采用比率指标有何统计优势?
- 该数据由欧盟统计局(Eurostat)根据各成员国年度人口统计汇总发布。采用按相对人口规模计算的粗率形式,有效消除了各成员国人口总量悬殊带来的不可比性,从而使人口大国与小型经济体之间能够进行标准化横向比对。
- 解读粗率指标时应如何客观看待人口结构的影响?
- 粗率指标未针对人口年龄结构进行标准化调整。例如,老年人口占比较高的国家粗死亡率通常相对偏高,人口结构年轻的国家粗死亡率偏低,这直接反映了人口老龄化对人口变动的客观影响,并不等同于各成员国医疗卫生条件或健康水平的高低。